Belousov, Boris ; Neumann, Gerhard ; Rothkopf, Constantin A. ; Peters, Jan (2022)
Catching heuristics are optimal control policies.
30th Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS 2016). Barcelona, Spain (05.12.2016-10.12.2016)
doi: 10.26083/tuprints-00020556
Konferenzveröffentlichung, Zweitveröffentlichung, Verlagsversion
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Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract)
Two seemingly contradictory theories attempt to explain how humans move to intercept an airborne ball. One theory posits that humans predict the ball trajectory to optimally plan future actions; the other claims that, instead of performing such complicated computations, humans employ heuristics to reactively choose appro- priate actions based on immediate visual feedback. In this paper, we show that interception strategies appearing to be heuristics can be understood as computa- tional solutions to the optimal control problem faced by a ball-catching agent acting under uncertainty. Modeling catching as a continuous partially observable Markov decision process and employing stochastic optimal control theory, we discover that the four main heuristics described in the literature are optimal solutions if the catcher has sufficient time to continuously visually track the ball. Specifically, by varying model parameters such as noise, time to ground contact, and perceptual latency, we show that different strategies arise under different circumstances. The catcher’s policy switches between generating reactive and predictive behavior based on the ratio of system to observation noise and the ratio between reaction time and task duration. Thus, we provide a rational account of human ball-catching behavior and a unifying explanation for seemingly contradictory theories of target interception on the basis of stochastic optimal control.
| Typ des Eintrags: | Konferenzveröffentlichung |
|---|---|
| Erschienen: | 2022 |
| Autor(en): | Belousov, Boris ; Neumann, Gerhard ; Rothkopf, Constantin A. ; Peters, Jan |
| Art des Eintrags: | Zweitveröffentlichung |
| Titel: | Catching heuristics are optimal control policies |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Publikationsjahr: | 2022 |
| Ort: | Darmstadt |
| Publikationsdatum der Erstveröffentlichung: | 2022 |
| Verlag: | Curran Associates, Inc. |
| Buchtitel: | Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 29 : 30th Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems 2016 |
| Kollation: | 9 Seiten |
| Veranstaltungstitel: | 30th Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS 2016) |
| Veranstaltungsort: | Barcelona, Spain |
| Veranstaltungsdatum: | 05.12.2016-10.12.2016 |
| Auflage: | Volume 3 |
| DOI: | 10.26083/tuprints-00020556 |
| URL / URN: | https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/20556 |
| Zugehörige Links: | |
| Herkunft: | Zweitveröffentlichungsservice |
| Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract): | Two seemingly contradictory theories attempt to explain how humans move to intercept an airborne ball. One theory posits that humans predict the ball trajectory to optimally plan future actions; the other claims that, instead of performing such complicated computations, humans employ heuristics to reactively choose appro- priate actions based on immediate visual feedback. In this paper, we show that interception strategies appearing to be heuristics can be understood as computa- tional solutions to the optimal control problem faced by a ball-catching agent acting under uncertainty. Modeling catching as a continuous partially observable Markov decision process and employing stochastic optimal control theory, we discover that the four main heuristics described in the literature are optimal solutions if the catcher has sufficient time to continuously visually track the ball. Specifically, by varying model parameters such as noise, time to ground contact, and perceptual latency, we show that different strategies arise under different circumstances. The catcher’s policy switches between generating reactive and predictive behavior based on the ratio of system to observation noise and the ratio between reaction time and task duration. Thus, we provide a rational account of human ball-catching behavior and a unifying explanation for seemingly contradictory theories of target interception on the basis of stochastic optimal control. |
| Status: | Verlagsversion |
| URN: | urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-205568 |
| Sachgruppe der Dewey Dezimalklassifikatin (DDC): | 000 Allgemeines, Informatik, Informationswissenschaft > 004 Informatik 100 Philosophie und Psychologie > 150 Psychologie |
| Fachbereich(e)/-gebiet(e): | 20 Fachbereich Informatik 20 Fachbereich Informatik > Intelligente Autonome Systeme 03 Fachbereich Humanwissenschaften 03 Fachbereich Humanwissenschaften > Institut für Psychologie |
| TU-Projekte: | EC/H2020|640554|SKILLS4ROBOTS |
| Hinterlegungsdatum: | 18 Nov 2022 14:23 |
| Letzte Änderung: | 21 Nov 2022 11:10 |
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