Santel, Christoph G. ; Haiduk, Paul M. ; Fuchs, Klaus-Uwe ; Klingauf, Uwe
Hrsg.: Droog, André (2014)
The potential for analytical modeling and flight simulator studies of midair collisions to support accident investigation.
In: Aviation Psychology: Facilitating Change(s): Proceedings of the 31st EAAP Conference
Buchkapitel, Bibliographie

Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract)

Midair collisions are rare but often fatal events. Usually the aircraft involved are light aircraft operating under visual flight rules and therefore not equipped with cockpit voice recorders or flight data recorders. This makes it difficult for accident investigators to explore primary and contributing factors. Often the question arises of why the aircrews involved did not see one another. One such collision occurred in December of 2012 in Germany and serves as motivation for this work. This work examines the benefit of joining simulator experiments with existing models from literature to recreate the midair collisions for further accident investigation. A total of 17 flight crews participated in a simulator study which recreated the December 2012 collision, in which the aircraft collided at an acute angle. The simulator study�s results quantified the amount of visual attention allocated by flight crews to the task of scanning for traffic in their peripheral field of vision. This knowledge was then used to reconstruct upper boundaries for the visual detection probabilities during the actual midair collision. The converging trajectories flown by both airplanes resulted in visual stimuli appearing only in areas of interest which require high effort to scan, coupled with a low expectancy of finding traffic there. Once the airplanes turned onto their collision courses, the see-and-avoid principle failed to provide a reliable means of preventing the midair collision.

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