Sellmann, Carolin (2016):
Balancing Efficacy and Selectivity of Bispecific c-METxEGFR Antibodies.
Darmstadt, Technische Universität Darmstadt,
[Ph.D. Thesis]
Abstract
Next generation antibodies such as bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) and antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) have reached market maturity demonstrating strong therapeutic benefit for patients. (Diamantis & Banerji, 2016; Garber, 2014) However, targeting broadly expressed, tumor-associated rather than tumor-specific antigens by highly potent ADCs warrants early safety assessment due to the risk of severe on-target side effects in normal tissues. (Diamantis & Banerji, 2016) Recently, it was elegantly shown that tumor selectivity can be increased by bispecific engagement of two antigens and the application of affinity attenuated binding moieties within a bispecific format. (Mazor et al., 2015a; Mazor et al., 2015b; Robinson et al., 2008) In the presented study, simultaneous targeting of two clinically validated cancer antigens, c-MET and EGFR, was evaluated, as receptor cross-talk and signaling redundancies give rise to c-MET mediated resistance mechanism during anti-EGFR monotherapy. (Engelman et al., 2007; Guo et al., 2008; Jo et al., 2000) Furthermore, EGFR inhibition in normal tissue such as skin is associated with severe toxicities (Lacouture, 2006) which require careful balancing of efficacy and selectivity for EGFR targeting and combinatorial approaches. Herein, we combined to our knowledge for the first time bispecific antibodies carrying affinity-optimized binding moieties with the potency of ADC methodologies. Increased selectivity of c-MET x EGFR bispecific antibodies towards tumor models with high expression in both antigens by avidity over normal tissue models was confirmed by mixed cell flow cytometry. Improved tumor selectivity thereby was proportional to decreased affinity of the EGFR binding moiety, but concurrently reduced EGFR inhibition. High selectivity and internalization demonstrated ADC suitability for delivery of potent cytotoxic agents. As a result, bispecific ADCs retained increased selectivity and mediated high tumor efficacy in EGFR and c-MET overexpressing cells whereas toxicity in primary keratinocytes as normal tissue equivalent was conjointly reduced. Hence, the presented study is an illustrative example demonstrating the promising combination of affinity optimization of bispecific antibodies for improved tumor selectivity by avidity with the powerful ADC technology for potentially broadening the therapeutic window. Balancing selectivity and efficacy in bispecific ADCs by affinity and epitope optimization could be a viable route to expand the target space of ADCs to ubiquitously expressed antigens.
Item Type: | Ph.D. Thesis | ||||
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Erschienen: | 2016 | ||||
Creators: | Sellmann, Carolin | ||||
Title: | Balancing Efficacy and Selectivity of Bispecific c-METxEGFR Antibodies | ||||
Language: | English | ||||
Abstract: | Next generation antibodies such as bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) and antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) have reached market maturity demonstrating strong therapeutic benefit for patients. (Diamantis & Banerji, 2016; Garber, 2014) However, targeting broadly expressed, tumor-associated rather than tumor-specific antigens by highly potent ADCs warrants early safety assessment due to the risk of severe on-target side effects in normal tissues. (Diamantis & Banerji, 2016) Recently, it was elegantly shown that tumor selectivity can be increased by bispecific engagement of two antigens and the application of affinity attenuated binding moieties within a bispecific format. (Mazor et al., 2015a; Mazor et al., 2015b; Robinson et al., 2008) In the presented study, simultaneous targeting of two clinically validated cancer antigens, c-MET and EGFR, was evaluated, as receptor cross-talk and signaling redundancies give rise to c-MET mediated resistance mechanism during anti-EGFR monotherapy. (Engelman et al., 2007; Guo et al., 2008; Jo et al., 2000) Furthermore, EGFR inhibition in normal tissue such as skin is associated with severe toxicities (Lacouture, 2006) which require careful balancing of efficacy and selectivity for EGFR targeting and combinatorial approaches. Herein, we combined to our knowledge for the first time bispecific antibodies carrying affinity-optimized binding moieties with the potency of ADC methodologies. Increased selectivity of c-MET x EGFR bispecific antibodies towards tumor models with high expression in both antigens by avidity over normal tissue models was confirmed by mixed cell flow cytometry. Improved tumor selectivity thereby was proportional to decreased affinity of the EGFR binding moiety, but concurrently reduced EGFR inhibition. High selectivity and internalization demonstrated ADC suitability for delivery of potent cytotoxic agents. As a result, bispecific ADCs retained increased selectivity and mediated high tumor efficacy in EGFR and c-MET overexpressing cells whereas toxicity in primary keratinocytes as normal tissue equivalent was conjointly reduced. Hence, the presented study is an illustrative example demonstrating the promising combination of affinity optimization of bispecific antibodies for improved tumor selectivity by avidity with the powerful ADC technology for potentially broadening the therapeutic window. Balancing selectivity and efficacy in bispecific ADCs by affinity and epitope optimization could be a viable route to expand the target space of ADCs to ubiquitously expressed antigens. |
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Place of Publication: | Darmstadt | ||||
Divisions: | 07 Department of Chemistry > Fachgebiet Biochemie 07 Department of Chemistry |
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Date Deposited: | 11 Dec 2016 20:55 | ||||
URL / URN: | http://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/5809 | ||||
URN: | urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-58097 | ||||
PPN: | |||||
Referees: | Kolmar, Prof. Dr. Harald ; Warzecha, Prof. Dr. Heribert | ||||
Refereed / Verteidigung / mdl. Prüfung: | 11 November 2016 | ||||
Alternative Abstract: |
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