Liu, Xingmin ; Liu, Heqiang ; Xu, Hailong ; Xie, Wenjie ; Li, Minghang ; Liu, Jianxi ; Liu, Guoqiang ; Weidenkaff, Anke ; Riedel, Ralf (2022):
Natural wood templated hierarchically cellular NbC/Pyrolytic carbon foams as Stiff, lightweight and High-Performance electromagnetic shielding materials.
In: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 606 (2), pp. 1543-1553. ISSN 0021-9797,
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.08.110,
[Article]

Abstract

Hierarchically cellular, stiff, and lightweight niobium carbide (NbC)-pyrolytic carbon (PyC) monolithic foam composites possessing excellent electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) were developed via a natural wood template-based method. Pyrolytic carbon derived from the decomposed cellulose in the wood worked as the carbon source for the growth of NbC phase, and the NbC-PyC heterogeneous nano-interface formed between the residual PyC and the freshly formed NbC. Multi-loss mechanisms (e.g. conductive loss, dipole polarization loss, and especially interface polarization loss) were established by controlling the NbC content and residual PyC phase in the NbC-PyC foams, which significantly improved the absorption capability. Compared to 28.0 dB of PyC monolith, the EMI SE of NbC-PyC foam can reach 54.8 dB when the thickness is 0.5 mm, which outperforms the other porous-based shielding materials. Due to the highly porous structure of pristine wood, the resulting NbC-PyC foam exhibited a low density of 0.48 g/cm3, which is ~ 1/16 of dense NbC (7.78 g/cm3). Generally, this work introduces innovative ideas for designing novel and advanced transition metal carbide–carbon composite materials.

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