Lee, Bo Ram (2015)
Study of a laser generated diamagnetic cavity and Alfvén waves in a large magnetized plasma.
Technische Universität Darmstadt
Dissertation, Erstveröffentlichung
Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract)
Dense plasma expansion into a tenuous magnetized background plasma is prevalent in space and astrophysical environments. In the interaction between plasmas with different densities under the influence of the magnetic field, various hydromagnetic waves are generated including the magnetized collisionless shocks which are believed to be the source of high energy particles, such as galactic cosmic rays from supernova remnants. Despite its importance in astrophysics and the study for longer than five decades, however, details of the shock physics, such as the formation process or the energy dissipation mechanisms are still not fully understood.
This work describes experiments carried out at the Large Plasma Device at University of California, Los Angeles, coupled to a kilojoule-laser. When a laser produced dense plasma interacts with a preformed, magnetized background plasma, a diamagnetic cavity is formed which can be pictured as a piston driving a collisionless shock. Understanding the micro-physics of generated diamagnetic cavities is crucial since it is observed in many magnetized plasmas with applied magnetic field and there are still a number of questions to be answered. In a series of experiments performed at different plasma parameters, magnetic flux probes and electron emissive probes are used to diagnose the structure of the diamagnetic cavity perpendicular to the magnetic field, especially at its edge where the collisionless coupling between the debris and ambient plasma takes place. In contrast to lower laser energy, a strong coupling to ambient ions could be observed depending on the background magnetic field although the energy conversion efficiency from the laser to the cavity stayed on the same order of magnitude. A rise of the radial electric field at the cavity edge was detected, which might be a direct evidence for the laminar coupling mechanism between debris and ambient plasmas without any collisional effects. Large fluctuations in the magnetic and electric field measurements in front of the cavity edge, which were also seen in the experimental observations, are assumed to be instabilities causing energy dissipation and the short cavity lifetime which is almost three orders of magnitude shorter than the theoretically derived classical diffusion time. Along the plasma column, soliton-like Alfv\'en waves were detected which might result from the nonlinear interaction between energetic electrons generated at the cavity edge and the surrounding magnetized plasma. Here, a better energy conversion efficiency from the laser to the Alfv\'en waves has been calculated. Finally, the experimental results are compared to two-dimensional hybrid simulations. The observed ion dynamics as well as large fluctuations in the electric field measurements at the cavity edge could be reproduced. An additional study was done on the effect of the polytropic coefficient in the electron temperature equation in the code and it showed that a nonadiabatic electron temperature increase affects the dynamics of the electric field as well as that of the diamagnetic cavity.
Typ des Eintrags: | Dissertation | ||||
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Erschienen: | 2015 | ||||
Autor(en): | Lee, Bo Ram | ||||
Art des Eintrags: | Erstveröffentlichung | ||||
Titel: | Study of a laser generated diamagnetic cavity and Alfvén waves in a large magnetized plasma | ||||
Sprache: | Englisch | ||||
Referenten: | Hoffmann, Prof. Dr. Dieter H. H. ; Niemann, Prof. Dr. Christoph | ||||
Publikationsjahr: | Dezember 2015 | ||||
Ort: | Darmstadt | ||||
Datum der mündlichen Prüfung: | 16 Dezember 2015 | ||||
URL / URN: | http://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/5211 | ||||
Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract): | Dense plasma expansion into a tenuous magnetized background plasma is prevalent in space and astrophysical environments. In the interaction between plasmas with different densities under the influence of the magnetic field, various hydromagnetic waves are generated including the magnetized collisionless shocks which are believed to be the source of high energy particles, such as galactic cosmic rays from supernova remnants. Despite its importance in astrophysics and the study for longer than five decades, however, details of the shock physics, such as the formation process or the energy dissipation mechanisms are still not fully understood. This work describes experiments carried out at the Large Plasma Device at University of California, Los Angeles, coupled to a kilojoule-laser. When a laser produced dense plasma interacts with a preformed, magnetized background plasma, a diamagnetic cavity is formed which can be pictured as a piston driving a collisionless shock. Understanding the micro-physics of generated diamagnetic cavities is crucial since it is observed in many magnetized plasmas with applied magnetic field and there are still a number of questions to be answered. In a series of experiments performed at different plasma parameters, magnetic flux probes and electron emissive probes are used to diagnose the structure of the diamagnetic cavity perpendicular to the magnetic field, especially at its edge where the collisionless coupling between the debris and ambient plasma takes place. In contrast to lower laser energy, a strong coupling to ambient ions could be observed depending on the background magnetic field although the energy conversion efficiency from the laser to the cavity stayed on the same order of magnitude. A rise of the radial electric field at the cavity edge was detected, which might be a direct evidence for the laminar coupling mechanism between debris and ambient plasmas without any collisional effects. Large fluctuations in the magnetic and electric field measurements in front of the cavity edge, which were also seen in the experimental observations, are assumed to be instabilities causing energy dissipation and the short cavity lifetime which is almost three orders of magnitude shorter than the theoretically derived classical diffusion time. Along the plasma column, soliton-like Alfv\'en waves were detected which might result from the nonlinear interaction between energetic electrons generated at the cavity edge and the surrounding magnetized plasma. Here, a better energy conversion efficiency from the laser to the Alfv\'en waves has been calculated. Finally, the experimental results are compared to two-dimensional hybrid simulations. The observed ion dynamics as well as large fluctuations in the electric field measurements at the cavity edge could be reproduced. An additional study was done on the effect of the polytropic coefficient in the electron temperature equation in the code and it showed that a nonadiabatic electron temperature increase affects the dynamics of the electric field as well as that of the diamagnetic cavity. |
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-52112 | ||||
Sachgruppe der Dewey Dezimalklassifikatin (DDC): | 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 530 Physik | ||||
Fachbereich(e)/-gebiet(e): | 05 Fachbereich Physik | ||||
Hinterlegungsdatum: | 27 Dez 2015 20:55 | ||||
Letzte Änderung: | 27 Dez 2015 20:55 | ||||
PPN: | |||||
Referenten: | Hoffmann, Prof. Dr. Dieter H. H. ; Niemann, Prof. Dr. Christoph | ||||
Datum der mündlichen Prüfung / Verteidigung / mdl. Prüfung: | 16 Dezember 2015 | ||||
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