Kays, Sarah-Katharina (2015)
Receptor-targeted viral vectors: Tracking of stem cells and side by side comparison of AAV and lentiviral vectors.
Technische Universität Darmstadt
Dissertation, Erstveröffentlichung
Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract)
In recent years, substantial progress in gene therapy has been made as proofed by several successful clinical trials providing substantial benefit to patients and the first marketing authorization of an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector-based medical product. Especially lentiviral and AAV vectors represent promising tools for gene transfer. They have been further improved to ensure safety and efficiency. One strategy to customize these viral vectors is the generation of receptor-targeted vectors that restrict gene delivery to cells expressing the targeted receptor. The first part of this thesis compares lentiviral and AAV vectors targeted to the receptor Her2/neu which is overexpressed in various tumor cells. This is for the first time a true side by side comparison of this totally different vector types, since here, both use the same receptor for cell entry. The second part investigates the potential of receptor-targeted lentiviral gene transfer into human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) via the cell surface protein CD105 and evaluates if CD105 is a marker for human long-term repopulating HSCs. The Her2-targeted lentiviral and AAV vector had been generated and characterized before (Münch et al., 2011; Münch et al., 2013). Both particles display a Her2/neu specific targeting ligand, the designed ankyrin repeat protein 9.29. First, functional, genomic and physical titers of Her2-LV and Her2-AAV vector stocks were determined side by side to allow precise normalization of both vector types. While the Her2-LV vector stocks showed higher genomic titers, Her2-AAV vectors comprised more functional particles per genome containing particles. Accordingly, about 10-fold more genome copies of Her2-LV than Her2-AAV had to be administered systemically in a subcutaneous tumor mouse model for detectable transgene expression. Analysis of the vector distribution short time after systemic administration in vivo revealed that the non-enveloped Her2-AAV vector circulated stably in the blood of mice for a prolonged time compared to Her2-LV. Accumulation of Her2-AAV within the target tissue occurred only after 24 hours. Lentiviral vectors are currently the preferred vector type for the modification of HSCs due to their capability of integrating the transgene into the host cell’s genome. Thereby the entire hematopoietic system can be reconstituted with cells carrying the corrected gene. True HSCs which are capable of self-renewal and differentiate into all hematopoietic lineages can be identified by the expression of specific cell surface markers. In mice, CD105 was previously shown to be present on most immature, long-term repopulating HSCs. After confirming that human CD105 is expressed on 30-80% of human CD34+ cells, CD34+ cells were transduced with a lentiviral vector targeted to human CD105 (CD105-LV) and transplanted into NOD-scid IL2Rγ-/- mice. Stable reporter gene expression in engrafted cells was detected long-term in all human hematopoietic lineages in bone marrow, spleen and blood. In addition, competitive repopulation experiments in mice showed a superior engraftment of CD105-LV transduced CD34+ cells in bone marrow and spleen compared to cells transduced with a conventional non-targeted lentiviral vector confirming CD105 as a marker for early HSCs with high repopulating capacity. The data shown in this thesis highlight the potential of receptor-targeted vectors to trace cell subsets and identify new markers for specific cell populations. In addition, it demonstrates the potential of comparing vectors derived from different virus families once they have been targeted to the same entry receptor.
Typ des Eintrags: | Dissertation | ||||
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Erschienen: | 2015 | ||||
Autor(en): | Kays, Sarah-Katharina | ||||
Art des Eintrags: | Erstveröffentlichung | ||||
Titel: | Receptor-targeted viral vectors: Tracking of stem cells and side by side comparison of AAV and lentiviral vectors | ||||
Sprache: | Englisch | ||||
Referenten: | Süß, Prof. Dr. Beatrix ; Nuber, Prof. Dr. Ulrike A. ; Buchholz, Prof. Dr. Christian J. | ||||
Publikationsjahr: | 9 Juni 2015 | ||||
Datum der mündlichen Prüfung: | 17 Juli 2015 | ||||
URL / URN: | http://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/4668 | ||||
Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract): | In recent years, substantial progress in gene therapy has been made as proofed by several successful clinical trials providing substantial benefit to patients and the first marketing authorization of an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector-based medical product. Especially lentiviral and AAV vectors represent promising tools for gene transfer. They have been further improved to ensure safety and efficiency. One strategy to customize these viral vectors is the generation of receptor-targeted vectors that restrict gene delivery to cells expressing the targeted receptor. The first part of this thesis compares lentiviral and AAV vectors targeted to the receptor Her2/neu which is overexpressed in various tumor cells. This is for the first time a true side by side comparison of this totally different vector types, since here, both use the same receptor for cell entry. The second part investigates the potential of receptor-targeted lentiviral gene transfer into human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) via the cell surface protein CD105 and evaluates if CD105 is a marker for human long-term repopulating HSCs. The Her2-targeted lentiviral and AAV vector had been generated and characterized before (Münch et al., 2011; Münch et al., 2013). Both particles display a Her2/neu specific targeting ligand, the designed ankyrin repeat protein 9.29. First, functional, genomic and physical titers of Her2-LV and Her2-AAV vector stocks were determined side by side to allow precise normalization of both vector types. While the Her2-LV vector stocks showed higher genomic titers, Her2-AAV vectors comprised more functional particles per genome containing particles. Accordingly, about 10-fold more genome copies of Her2-LV than Her2-AAV had to be administered systemically in a subcutaneous tumor mouse model for detectable transgene expression. Analysis of the vector distribution short time after systemic administration in vivo revealed that the non-enveloped Her2-AAV vector circulated stably in the blood of mice for a prolonged time compared to Her2-LV. Accumulation of Her2-AAV within the target tissue occurred only after 24 hours. Lentiviral vectors are currently the preferred vector type for the modification of HSCs due to their capability of integrating the transgene into the host cell’s genome. Thereby the entire hematopoietic system can be reconstituted with cells carrying the corrected gene. True HSCs which are capable of self-renewal and differentiate into all hematopoietic lineages can be identified by the expression of specific cell surface markers. In mice, CD105 was previously shown to be present on most immature, long-term repopulating HSCs. After confirming that human CD105 is expressed on 30-80% of human CD34+ cells, CD34+ cells were transduced with a lentiviral vector targeted to human CD105 (CD105-LV) and transplanted into NOD-scid IL2Rγ-/- mice. Stable reporter gene expression in engrafted cells was detected long-term in all human hematopoietic lineages in bone marrow, spleen and blood. In addition, competitive repopulation experiments in mice showed a superior engraftment of CD105-LV transduced CD34+ cells in bone marrow and spleen compared to cells transduced with a conventional non-targeted lentiviral vector confirming CD105 as a marker for early HSCs with high repopulating capacity. The data shown in this thesis highlight the potential of receptor-targeted vectors to trace cell subsets and identify new markers for specific cell populations. In addition, it demonstrates the potential of comparing vectors derived from different virus families once they have been targeted to the same entry receptor. |
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-46685 | ||||
Sachgruppe der Dewey Dezimalklassifikatin (DDC): | 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 500 Naturwissenschaften 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie |
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Fachbereich(e)/-gebiet(e): | 10 Fachbereich Biologie | ||||
Hinterlegungsdatum: | 02 Aug 2015 19:55 | ||||
Letzte Änderung: | 02 Aug 2015 19:55 | ||||
PPN: | |||||
Referenten: | Süß, Prof. Dr. Beatrix ; Nuber, Prof. Dr. Ulrike A. ; Buchholz, Prof. Dr. Christian J. | ||||
Datum der mündlichen Prüfung / Verteidigung / mdl. Prüfung: | 17 Juli 2015 | ||||
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