Maibach, Julia ; Adermann, Torben ; Glaser, Tobias ; Eckstein, Ralph ; Mankel, Eric ; Pucci, Annemarie ; Müllen, Klaus ; Lemmer, Uli ; Hamburger, Manuel ; Mayer, Thomas ; Jaegermann, Wolfram (2014)
Impact of processing on the chemical and electronic properties of phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester.
In: Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 2 (37)
doi: 10.1039/C4TC00769G
Artikel, Bibliographie
Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract)
For the comparison of solution-processed to evaporated materials in organic optoelectronic devices, phenyl-C-61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) has been claimed to be a suitable material. However, we ascertained differences between spin-coated and vacuum sublimed thin films. In this contribution, we thoroughly investigate the effects of thermal evaporation of PCBM in a strongly interdisciplinary approach, applying physical characterization techniques such as photoelectron (PES) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy in combination with further chemical analysis using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-coupled mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS), as well as proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-1-NMR). The methods were applied to thin films prepared by solution-based deposition techniques and by thermal evaporation. Additionally, comparison to an evaporated C-60 film and the crucible residues is carried out. Changes in the IR spectrum of the PCBM films already indicate a change in the molecular structure of PCBM. The UPLC chromatogram of the redissolved organic film proves the formation of several molecular species, including bare C-60. However, the effect of degradation on the electronic properties was found to be limited, as an almost unchanged ionization potential of 6.1 eV was determined with UPS for both the solution processed as well as the evaporated films. Also bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells fabricated using pure and thermally treated PCBM showed the same J-V characteristics under illumination.
| Typ des Eintrags: | Artikel |
|---|---|
| Erschienen: | 2014 |
| Autor(en): | Maibach, Julia ; Adermann, Torben ; Glaser, Tobias ; Eckstein, Ralph ; Mankel, Eric ; Pucci, Annemarie ; Müllen, Klaus ; Lemmer, Uli ; Hamburger, Manuel ; Mayer, Thomas ; Jaegermann, Wolfram |
| Art des Eintrags: | Bibliographie |
| Titel: | Impact of processing on the chemical and electronic properties of phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Publikationsjahr: | 5 August 2014 |
| Verlag: | RSC Publishing |
| Titel der Zeitschrift, Zeitung oder Schriftenreihe: | Journal of Materials Chemistry C |
| Jahrgang/Volume einer Zeitschrift: | 2 |
| (Heft-)Nummer: | 37 |
| DOI: | 10.1039/C4TC00769G |
| Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract): | For the comparison of solution-processed to evaporated materials in organic optoelectronic devices, phenyl-C-61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) has been claimed to be a suitable material. However, we ascertained differences between spin-coated and vacuum sublimed thin films. In this contribution, we thoroughly investigate the effects of thermal evaporation of PCBM in a strongly interdisciplinary approach, applying physical characterization techniques such as photoelectron (PES) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy in combination with further chemical analysis using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-coupled mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS), as well as proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-1-NMR). The methods were applied to thin films prepared by solution-based deposition techniques and by thermal evaporation. Additionally, comparison to an evaporated C-60 film and the crucible residues is carried out. Changes in the IR spectrum of the PCBM films already indicate a change in the molecular structure of PCBM. The UPLC chromatogram of the redissolved organic film proves the formation of several molecular species, including bare C-60. However, the effect of degradation on the electronic properties was found to be limited, as an almost unchanged ionization potential of 6.1 eV was determined with UPS for both the solution processed as well as the evaporated films. Also bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells fabricated using pure and thermally treated PCBM showed the same J-V characteristics under illumination. |
| Fachbereich(e)/-gebiet(e): | 11 Fachbereich Material- und Geowissenschaften > Materialwissenschaft > Fachgebiet Oberflächenforschung 11 Fachbereich Material- und Geowissenschaften > Materialwissenschaft 11 Fachbereich Material- und Geowissenschaften |
| Hinterlegungsdatum: | 27 Feb 2015 09:49 |
| Letzte Änderung: | 29 Mär 2015 16:26 |
| PPN: | |
| Sponsoren: | Funding from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) within the MESOMERIE project and the German leading-edge cluster "Forum Organic Electronics" are gratefully acknowledged., Special thanks to the competence center "simulation" at the InnovationLab in Heidelberg for the DFT calculations of the PCBM IR spectrum. |
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