Pekkola, René (2014)
Electronic Structure of Solid-State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells:
Synchrotron Induced Photoelectron Spectroscopy on Nanocrystalline
TiO2, Newly Developed Dyes and Spiro-MeOTAD.
Technische Universität Darmstadt
Dissertation, Erstveröffentlichung
Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract)
The goal of this work was to investigate the solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell. The work was intended to contribute to the basic understanding of the function of this type of solar cell. This included a better understanding of the materials used in the solid-state DSSC and their processing. Moreover, different factors influencing the efficiency of the solid-state DSSC were investigated. The issues were coordinated with the cooporation partners BASF and Bosch.
The main part of this work was to investigate the organic hole conductor Spiro-MeOTAD by synchrotron induced photoemission spectroscopy (SXPS). Spiro-MeOTAD is used as a substitution for the liquid iodide/triiodide redox couple in solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells. For the in-situ preparation and measurement, drop-casting was used to deposit Spiro-MeOTAD wet chemically. Drop-casting is a method close to spin-coating which is normally used in industry. Because interface experiments can hardly be performed with drop-casting, PVD as a method which is suitable for interface experiments was applied. In order to investigate the equality of both methods, drop-casting and PVD were compared. Furthermore, the poor conductivity of Spiro-MeOTAD makes it necessary to dope the hole conductor. Therefore, the doping mechanisms of the dopants Li-TFSI and WO3 were investigated. Li-TFSI is a dopant widely used for Spiro-MeOTAD in solid-state DSSCs and WO3 was chosen as a model system. Furhermore, the interfaces of Spiro-MeOTAD to the substrate TiO2, different dyes and gold which is used as the back-contact in solid-state DSSCs were of special interest as the energetic lineup determines the efficiciencies of the solid-state DSSCs.
Another goal of this work was to determine the behavior and influence of sodium which is part of the TiO2 precursor on the solid-state DSSC. As TiO2 films prepared in different laboratories often lead to varying efficiencies of the cells using the same TiO2 precursor material and the same recipe, systematic ex-situ heat treatments using a hot plate and a heat gun were performed on different ex-situ prepared nc-TiO2 films.
Moreover, the influence of different anchor groups and additives on the energetic properties and allignments of ruthenium-free perylene dyes to the TiO2 electrode and the hole conductor Spiro-MeOTAD were investigated by SXPS.
Typ des Eintrags: | Dissertation | ||||
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Erschienen: | 2014 | ||||
Autor(en): | Pekkola, René | ||||
Art des Eintrags: | Erstveröffentlichung | ||||
Titel: | Electronic Structure of Solid-State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: Synchrotron Induced Photoelectron Spectroscopy on Nanocrystalline TiO2, Newly Developed Dyes and Spiro-MeOTAD | ||||
Sprache: | Englisch | ||||
Referenten: | Jaegermann, Prof. Dr. Wolfram ; von Seggern, Prof. Dr. Heinz | ||||
Publikationsjahr: | 9 April 2014 | ||||
Datum der mündlichen Prüfung: | 9 April 2014 | ||||
URL / URN: | http://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/3984 | ||||
Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract): | The goal of this work was to investigate the solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell. The work was intended to contribute to the basic understanding of the function of this type of solar cell. This included a better understanding of the materials used in the solid-state DSSC and their processing. Moreover, different factors influencing the efficiency of the solid-state DSSC were investigated. The issues were coordinated with the cooporation partners BASF and Bosch. The main part of this work was to investigate the organic hole conductor Spiro-MeOTAD by synchrotron induced photoemission spectroscopy (SXPS). Spiro-MeOTAD is used as a substitution for the liquid iodide/triiodide redox couple in solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells. For the in-situ preparation and measurement, drop-casting was used to deposit Spiro-MeOTAD wet chemically. Drop-casting is a method close to spin-coating which is normally used in industry. Because interface experiments can hardly be performed with drop-casting, PVD as a method which is suitable for interface experiments was applied. In order to investigate the equality of both methods, drop-casting and PVD were compared. Furthermore, the poor conductivity of Spiro-MeOTAD makes it necessary to dope the hole conductor. Therefore, the doping mechanisms of the dopants Li-TFSI and WO3 were investigated. Li-TFSI is a dopant widely used for Spiro-MeOTAD in solid-state DSSCs and WO3 was chosen as a model system. Furhermore, the interfaces of Spiro-MeOTAD to the substrate TiO2, different dyes and gold which is used as the back-contact in solid-state DSSCs were of special interest as the energetic lineup determines the efficiciencies of the solid-state DSSCs. Another goal of this work was to determine the behavior and influence of sodium which is part of the TiO2 precursor on the solid-state DSSC. As TiO2 films prepared in different laboratories often lead to varying efficiencies of the cells using the same TiO2 precursor material and the same recipe, systematic ex-situ heat treatments using a hot plate and a heat gun were performed on different ex-situ prepared nc-TiO2 films. Moreover, the influence of different anchor groups and additives on the energetic properties and allignments of ruthenium-free perylene dyes to the TiO2 electrode and the hole conductor Spiro-MeOTAD were investigated by SXPS. |
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-39845 | ||||
Sachgruppe der Dewey Dezimalklassifikatin (DDC): | 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 500 Naturwissenschaften 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 530 Physik 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften > 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau |
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Fachbereich(e)/-gebiet(e): | 11 Fachbereich Material- und Geowissenschaften 11 Fachbereich Material- und Geowissenschaften > Materialwissenschaft 11 Fachbereich Material- und Geowissenschaften > Materialwissenschaft > Fachgebiet Oberflächenforschung |
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Hinterlegungsdatum: | 15 Jun 2014 19:55 | ||||
Letzte Änderung: | 15 Jun 2014 19:55 | ||||
PPN: | |||||
Referenten: | Jaegermann, Prof. Dr. Wolfram ; von Seggern, Prof. Dr. Heinz | ||||
Datum der mündlichen Prüfung / Verteidigung / mdl. Prüfung: | 9 April 2014 | ||||
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