Bürkle, Sebastian (2013)
On the Nature and Behavior of Filaments in the Dielectric Barrier Discharge of Plasma Actuators.
Technische Universität Darmstadt
Masterarbeit, Erstveröffentlichung
Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract)
Plasma actuators based on dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) promise a bright future in aerodynamical applications. By creating a body force in the surrounding gas through plasma – gas interaction, plasma actuators operated in quiescent air induce a small flow above their surface with a velocity of typically 5-8 m/s, the so called ionic wind. The ionic wind can influence the boundary-layer of an externally applied flow surrounding the actuator. Unfortunately, the origin of the body force that lead to the ionic wind is not completely understood yet, since the physics of the underlying discharge is not clarified in detail. The aim of this master-thesis was to improve the understanding of the discharge. Particularly, the micro-scale as well as large-scale filaments observed in the discharge were studied systematically and the theory extended by the results of the performed investigations. Micro-scale filaments, i.e. discharges with a duration of a few nanoseconds, occur due to the dielectric barrier that prevents a continuous discharge and thus arcing.
In the present work, the theoretical models of the different discharge regimes that lead to microscale filaments have been unified. The DBD is proposed to operate in the streamer regime within the positive half-cycle and in the corona regime within the negative half-cycle of the voltage. Streak camera images of the discharge in both half-cycles are captured, supporting the models. Current measurements have been carried out with high performance oscilloscopes. The amplitude spectra of the current show, that the discharge duration is only dependent on the actuator setup and neither on the external voltage nor the half-cycle. This can be explained through the different time scales of the discharge duration and period of the external voltage. The discharge ceases as soon as the internal electric field that builts up due to the space charge of the barrier is sufficiently high to decrease the externally applied electric field to a level below break-down voltage. Since the discharge duration only depends on the surface charge necessary to decrease the field, it is dependent on the setup of the actuator only. In additional experiments it is shown that the amplitude of the discharge current, the number of discharges per half-cycle and the time from first to last discharge within a half-cycle are strongly dependent on half-cycle, voltage amplitude and frequency. It is also shown, that for high-voltage amplitudes, the mean time between two discharges has an asymptotical behavior for different voltage frequencies and half-cycles. This behavior is the same for all frequencies and both half-cycles. The same applies to the duty cycle of the current. The probability distribution of the current amplitudes shows an exponential behavior that is well explainable.
A new theoretical model of the origin and behavior of large-scale filaments is developed in the present thesis. According to this model, the filaments are thermal instabilities of the plasma that lead to a local increase in the gas temperature. The development of the instabilities can be described by a cyclic process. Experiments within this work show that the power-voltage characteristic of the discharge does not depend on the presence of filaments. This can be explained with reduced power consumption in the area between the filaments. This model is supported by images obtained with a thermo-camera. The images also confirm that the temperature in the filaments is rising in accordance with the model. Measurements of the onset voltage for an unstable development under variation of the velocity of an externally applied flow have been carried out.It is shown, that the flow delays the formation of filaments. This is in good agreement with the model. Velocity measurements with a Pitot tube show an increase of the ionic wind velocity in thevicinity of the instabilities compared to the spacing between them. This effect may allow for an improvement of the flow control in future applications.
Typ des Eintrags: | Masterarbeit | ||||
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Erschienen: | 2013 | ||||
Autor(en): | Bürkle, Sebastian | ||||
Art des Eintrags: | Erstveröffentlichung | ||||
Titel: | On the Nature and Behavior of Filaments in the Dielectric Barrier Discharge of Plasma Actuators | ||||
Sprache: | Englisch | ||||
Referenten: | Hoffmann, Prof. Dieter, H. H. ; Udera, Dr. Serban | ||||
Publikationsjahr: | Januar 2013 | ||||
Ort: | Darmstadt | ||||
Datum der mündlichen Prüfung: | 28 November 2012 | ||||
URL / URN: | http://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/3317 | ||||
Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract): | Plasma actuators based on dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) promise a bright future in aerodynamical applications. By creating a body force in the surrounding gas through plasma – gas interaction, plasma actuators operated in quiescent air induce a small flow above their surface with a velocity of typically 5-8 m/s, the so called ionic wind. The ionic wind can influence the boundary-layer of an externally applied flow surrounding the actuator. Unfortunately, the origin of the body force that lead to the ionic wind is not completely understood yet, since the physics of the underlying discharge is not clarified in detail. The aim of this master-thesis was to improve the understanding of the discharge. Particularly, the micro-scale as well as large-scale filaments observed in the discharge were studied systematically and the theory extended by the results of the performed investigations. Micro-scale filaments, i.e. discharges with a duration of a few nanoseconds, occur due to the dielectric barrier that prevents a continuous discharge and thus arcing. In the present work, the theoretical models of the different discharge regimes that lead to microscale filaments have been unified. The DBD is proposed to operate in the streamer regime within the positive half-cycle and in the corona regime within the negative half-cycle of the voltage. Streak camera images of the discharge in both half-cycles are captured, supporting the models. Current measurements have been carried out with high performance oscilloscopes. The amplitude spectra of the current show, that the discharge duration is only dependent on the actuator setup and neither on the external voltage nor the half-cycle. This can be explained through the different time scales of the discharge duration and period of the external voltage. The discharge ceases as soon as the internal electric field that builts up due to the space charge of the barrier is sufficiently high to decrease the externally applied electric field to a level below break-down voltage. Since the discharge duration only depends on the surface charge necessary to decrease the field, it is dependent on the setup of the actuator only. In additional experiments it is shown that the amplitude of the discharge current, the number of discharges per half-cycle and the time from first to last discharge within a half-cycle are strongly dependent on half-cycle, voltage amplitude and frequency. It is also shown, that for high-voltage amplitudes, the mean time between two discharges has an asymptotical behavior for different voltage frequencies and half-cycles. This behavior is the same for all frequencies and both half-cycles. The same applies to the duty cycle of the current. The probability distribution of the current amplitudes shows an exponential behavior that is well explainable. A new theoretical model of the origin and behavior of large-scale filaments is developed in the present thesis. According to this model, the filaments are thermal instabilities of the plasma that lead to a local increase in the gas temperature. The development of the instabilities can be described by a cyclic process. Experiments within this work show that the power-voltage characteristic of the discharge does not depend on the presence of filaments. This can be explained with reduced power consumption in the area between the filaments. This model is supported by images obtained with a thermo-camera. The images also confirm that the temperature in the filaments is rising in accordance with the model. Measurements of the onset voltage for an unstable development under variation of the velocity of an externally applied flow have been carried out.It is shown, that the flow delays the formation of filaments. This is in good agreement with the model. Velocity measurements with a Pitot tube show an increase of the ionic wind velocity in thevicinity of the instabilities compared to the spacing between them. This effect may allow for an improvement of the flow control in future applications. |
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-33177 | ||||
Fachbereich(e)/-gebiet(e): | 05 Fachbereich Physik > Institut für Kernphysik 05 Fachbereich Physik |
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Hinterlegungsdatum: | 02 Jun 2013 19:55 | ||||
Letzte Änderung: | 02 Jun 2013 19:55 | ||||
PPN: | |||||
Referenten: | Hoffmann, Prof. Dieter, H. H. ; Udera, Dr. Serban | ||||
Datum der mündlichen Prüfung / Verteidigung / mdl. Prüfung: | 28 November 2012 | ||||
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