Koller, Robert (2009)
Amoebae in the rhizosphere and their interactions with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: effects on assimilate partitioning and nitrogen availability for plants.
Technische Universität Darmstadt
Dissertation, Erstveröffentlichung
Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract)
Plants interact with multiple root symbionts for fostering uptake of growth-limiting nutrients. In turn, plants allocate a variety of organic resources in form of energy-rich rhizodeposits into the rhizosphere, stimulating activity, growth and modifying diversity of heterotrophic microorganisms. The aim of my study was to understand how multitrophic interactions feed back to plant N nutrition, assimilate partitioning and growth. Multitrophic interactions were assessed in a single-plant microcosm approach, with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus intraradices) and bacterial feeding protozoa (Acanthamoeba castellanii) as model root symbionts. Both organisms are common and abundant in the rhizosphere, contributing strongly to plant nutrient acquisition. Stable isotopes enabled tracing C (13C) and N (15N) allocation in the plant, into the rhizosphere and the microbial community. Microbial community composition was investigated by phospholipid fatty acid analysis. This study offers new perspectives for the microbial loop in soil concept. Plant species identity is a major factor affecting plant-protozoa interactions. N uptake was enhanced in the presence of protozoa for Zea mays and Plantago lanceolata. The presence of protozoa increased specific root area in both plant species, whereas specific leaf area was only increased in P. lanceolata. Holcus lanatus did not respond to any parameter studied. Protozoa in the rhizosphere mediate plant C allocation and nutrient mobilization. These responses depended on the quality of soil organic matter (assessed by C-to-N ratio of leaf litter). Plants adjusted the allocation of C resource to roots and into the rhizosphere depending on litter quality and the presence of bacterial grazers for increasing plant growth. The effect of protozoa on the structure of microbial community supplied with both, plant C and litter N, varied with litter quality. AM-fungi and protozoa interact to complement each other for plant benefit in C and N acquisition. Protozoa re-mobilized N from fast growing rhizobacteria and by enhancing microbial activity. Hyphae of AM fungi acted as pipe system, translocating plant derived C and protozoan remobilized N from source to sink regions. This strongly affected decomposer microbial communities and processes in distance to roots. Plant growth promoting effect of protozoa in the rhizosphere fostered synergistically the exploitation of nutrients. Major perspectives of this work will be to investigate (i) whether multitrophic interactions in our model system can be generalized to other protozoa-mycorrhiza-plant interactions (ii) whether these interactions are depending on plant phenology and plant community composition.
Typ des Eintrags: | Dissertation | ||||||
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Erschienen: | 2009 | ||||||
Autor(en): | Koller, Robert | ||||||
Art des Eintrags: | Erstveröffentlichung | ||||||
Titel: | Amoebae in the rhizosphere and their interactions with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: effects on assimilate partitioning and nitrogen availability for plants | ||||||
Sprache: | Englisch | ||||||
Referenten: | Griffiths, Professor Bryan ; Salon, Doktor Christophe | ||||||
Publikationsjahr: | 5 Juli 2009 | ||||||
Ort: | Darmstadt | ||||||
Verlag: | Technische Universität | ||||||
Datum der mündlichen Prüfung: | 14 November 2008 | ||||||
URL / URN: | urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-14163 | ||||||
Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract): | Plants interact with multiple root symbionts for fostering uptake of growth-limiting nutrients. In turn, plants allocate a variety of organic resources in form of energy-rich rhizodeposits into the rhizosphere, stimulating activity, growth and modifying diversity of heterotrophic microorganisms. The aim of my study was to understand how multitrophic interactions feed back to plant N nutrition, assimilate partitioning and growth. Multitrophic interactions were assessed in a single-plant microcosm approach, with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus intraradices) and bacterial feeding protozoa (Acanthamoeba castellanii) as model root symbionts. Both organisms are common and abundant in the rhizosphere, contributing strongly to plant nutrient acquisition. Stable isotopes enabled tracing C (13C) and N (15N) allocation in the plant, into the rhizosphere and the microbial community. Microbial community composition was investigated by phospholipid fatty acid analysis. This study offers new perspectives for the microbial loop in soil concept. Plant species identity is a major factor affecting plant-protozoa interactions. N uptake was enhanced in the presence of protozoa for Zea mays and Plantago lanceolata. The presence of protozoa increased specific root area in both plant species, whereas specific leaf area was only increased in P. lanceolata. Holcus lanatus did not respond to any parameter studied. Protozoa in the rhizosphere mediate plant C allocation and nutrient mobilization. These responses depended on the quality of soil organic matter (assessed by C-to-N ratio of leaf litter). Plants adjusted the allocation of C resource to roots and into the rhizosphere depending on litter quality and the presence of bacterial grazers for increasing plant growth. The effect of protozoa on the structure of microbial community supplied with both, plant C and litter N, varied with litter quality. AM-fungi and protozoa interact to complement each other for plant benefit in C and N acquisition. Protozoa re-mobilized N from fast growing rhizobacteria and by enhancing microbial activity. Hyphae of AM fungi acted as pipe system, translocating plant derived C and protozoan remobilized N from source to sink regions. This strongly affected decomposer microbial communities and processes in distance to roots. Plant growth promoting effect of protozoa in the rhizosphere fostered synergistically the exploitation of nutrients. Major perspectives of this work will be to investigate (i) whether multitrophic interactions in our model system can be generalized to other protozoa-mycorrhiza-plant interactions (ii) whether these interactions are depending on plant phenology and plant community composition. |
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Alternatives oder übersetztes Abstract: |
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Freie Schlagworte: | Rhizosphere, carbon, nitrogen, stable isotope, 13C, 15N, microbial loop, multitrophic interactions, protozoa, Acanthamoeba castellanii, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Glomus intraradices, microbial community, Plantago lanceolata, Zea mays, Holcus lanatus, litter quality, PLFA | ||||||
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Zusätzliche Informationen: | Diese Doktorarbeit wurde im Rahmen eine binationalen Kooperation zwischen der Technischen Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt (Deutschland) und dem Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine, Nancy (Frankreich) durchgeführt. |
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Sachgruppe der Dewey Dezimalklassifikatin (DDC): | 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 580 Pflanzen (Botanik) 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 590 Tiere (Zoologie) 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie |
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Fachbereich(e)/-gebiet(e): | 10 Fachbereich Biologie ?? fb10_zoologie ?? |
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Hinterlegungsdatum: | 03 Aug 2009 07:14 | ||||||
Letzte Änderung: | 05 Mär 2013 09:28 | ||||||
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Referenten: | Griffiths, Professor Bryan ; Salon, Doktor Christophe | ||||||
Datum der mündlichen Prüfung / Verteidigung / mdl. Prüfung: | 14 November 2008 | ||||||
Schlagworte: |
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