Nikiforov, Oleg (2024)
Field Test of a Quantum Key Distribution System.
Technische Universität Darmstadt
doi: 10.26083/tuprints-00023634
Dissertation, Erstveröffentlichung, Verlagsversion
Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract)
Increasing computational power of classical and quantum computers endangers the existing public key cryptography. Quantum key distribution (QKD) is one of the solutions for this problem. In the past decades a zoo of protocols was suggested and implemented, first companies for quantum communication were founded and first countries started to integrate QKD into their communication infrastructure. However, the high costs and the lack of genuine QKD networks without trusted nodes make it difficult for the technology to gain widespread acceptance.
The present work describes the setup and the performance of a two-party QKD system, using a time-bin encoding variant of the Bennet-Brassard-Mermin 92 protocol in a realworld telecommunication environment inside a typical operating room at the Network Innovation Center of Deutsche Telekom Technik GmbH. This system is a milestone for a star-shaped QKD network, consisting of a centrally located qubit source, distributing the qubits to several identical receivers located elsewhere.
The main challenge for building such networks is the assembly and operation of identical fiber-based Michelson interferometers, whose arm-length differences must match within the micrometer range. During this work a suitable method was developed. It consists of two steps: a precise pre-cut of interferometer components and mechanical stretching of the fiber in one interferometer arm, until the residual mismatch is compensated. This method allows for assembly of arbitrary many identical interferometers for many-party QKD systems.
The chosen protocol is very sensitive to phase instabilities. Any phase drifts caused by temperature drifts must then be compensated. The developed temperature stabilization system provides a long-term stability of 3 mK per day and is at the same time able to adjust interferometer phases with a resolution down to 0.011 π, reducing the complexity of the setup compared to other implementations of this protocol.
After the entire system was implemented, the field test achieved a stable quantum key distribution over a deployed link of approx. 27 km length, while all elements of the system were placed in a typical telecom operating room. This experiment was one of the first successful field tests of a QKD system in Germany. In a five hour long key exchange a mean sifted key rate of 200 bit/s with a quantum bit error rate of approx. 3 % was achieved.
Typ des Eintrags: | Dissertation | ||||
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Erschienen: | 2024 | ||||
Autor(en): | Nikiforov, Oleg | ||||
Art des Eintrags: | Erstveröffentlichung | ||||
Titel: | Field Test of a Quantum Key Distribution System | ||||
Sprache: | Englisch | ||||
Referenten: | Walther, Prof. Dr. Thomas ; Birkl, Prof. Dr. Gerhard | ||||
Publikationsjahr: | 18 September 2024 | ||||
Ort: | Darmstadt | ||||
Kollation: | ix, 149 Seiten | ||||
Datum der mündlichen Prüfung: | 13 Februar 2023 | ||||
DOI: | 10.26083/tuprints-00023634 | ||||
URL / URN: | https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/23634 | ||||
Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract): | Increasing computational power of classical and quantum computers endangers the existing public key cryptography. Quantum key distribution (QKD) is one of the solutions for this problem. In the past decades a zoo of protocols was suggested and implemented, first companies for quantum communication were founded and first countries started to integrate QKD into their communication infrastructure. However, the high costs and the lack of genuine QKD networks without trusted nodes make it difficult for the technology to gain widespread acceptance. The present work describes the setup and the performance of a two-party QKD system, using a time-bin encoding variant of the Bennet-Brassard-Mermin 92 protocol in a realworld telecommunication environment inside a typical operating room at the Network Innovation Center of Deutsche Telekom Technik GmbH. This system is a milestone for a star-shaped QKD network, consisting of a centrally located qubit source, distributing the qubits to several identical receivers located elsewhere. The main challenge for building such networks is the assembly and operation of identical fiber-based Michelson interferometers, whose arm-length differences must match within the micrometer range. During this work a suitable method was developed. It consists of two steps: a precise pre-cut of interferometer components and mechanical stretching of the fiber in one interferometer arm, until the residual mismatch is compensated. This method allows for assembly of arbitrary many identical interferometers for many-party QKD systems. The chosen protocol is very sensitive to phase instabilities. Any phase drifts caused by temperature drifts must then be compensated. The developed temperature stabilization system provides a long-term stability of 3 mK per day and is at the same time able to adjust interferometer phases with a resolution down to 0.011 π, reducing the complexity of the setup compared to other implementations of this protocol. After the entire system was implemented, the field test achieved a stable quantum key distribution over a deployed link of approx. 27 km length, while all elements of the system were placed in a typical telecom operating room. This experiment was one of the first successful field tests of a QKD system in Germany. In a five hour long key exchange a mean sifted key rate of 200 bit/s with a quantum bit error rate of approx. 3 % was achieved. |
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Status: | Verlagsversion | ||||
URN: | urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-236344 | ||||
Sachgruppe der Dewey Dezimalklassifikatin (DDC): | 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 530 Physik | ||||
Fachbereich(e)/-gebiet(e): | 05 Fachbereich Physik 05 Fachbereich Physik > Institut für Angewandte Physik 05 Fachbereich Physik > Institut für Angewandte Physik > Laser und Quantenoptik |
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Hinterlegungsdatum: | 18 Sep 2024 12:17 | ||||
Letzte Änderung: | 19 Sep 2024 07:54 | ||||
PPN: | |||||
Referenten: | Walther, Prof. Dr. Thomas ; Birkl, Prof. Dr. Gerhard | ||||
Datum der mündlichen Prüfung / Verteidigung / mdl. Prüfung: | 13 Februar 2023 | ||||
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