Schäfer, Niklas ; Schabel, Samuel (2024)
L-Crush test - A method for assessing the creasing and failure behavior of paper folding core structures.
INTERNATIONAL PAPER PHYSICS CONFERENCE 2024. Wuppertal (30.9.2024 - 2.10.2024)
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Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract)

Folding cores made of paper represent an innovative and sustainable sandwich core structure with high lightweight potential. Paper offers great potential for growing markets such as packaging, furniture construction and lightweight applications. Previous research work has investigated the correlation between paper properties and the mechanical properties of folding cores as well as methods for assessing creasing. Creasing is necessary in the manufacturing of folding cores in order to bring the folding pattern into the paper and thus define the fold lines for folding. The L-crush test is a test in which a folded, L-shaped clamped sample is crushed. This test method is intended to simulate a single fold and the failure behavior within folding cores and based on the Ring Crush Test (RCT). For the test, the sample is first creased and then clamped in a fixture at a 90° angle for compression. When carrying out the test, the load-displacement curve and so the L-crush resistance and the stiffness are determined. The results to show that the failure modes of the L shaped samples and the folding cores are comparable. It can also be seen that at very high creasing forces the samples tend to fail by tearing along the fold, whereas at lower creasing forces the failure occurs by buckling along the fold edge. The course of the load-displacement curve of the L-shaped sample can be qualitatively compared with the course of the stress-strain curve of folding cores. The results so far indicate that the L-Crush Test offers great potential for assessing the creasing quality and for estimating the mechanical properties of folding cores. However, it is still unclear what correlations there are between the paper properties and the results of the LCT. The experimental design method is used to find out what influences the height and length of the L shaped clamped sample and the properties of the paper, such as pulp, refining and grammage, have on the L-crush resistance and stiffness. The following mechanical properties are determined for each of the papers: Short compression strength, ring crush resistance, ring crush stiffness, bending resistance and thickness. Using the analysis of variance method, these parameters are also used to determine whether there are correlations between the mechanical properties of the paper and the measured values of the LCT. The aim is to optimize the L-Crush Test method so that it can be used for the design of folding cores made of paper.

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