Pfendler, Anna (2024)
On the dynamic frequency support of active distribution grids and their aggregation.
Technische Universität Darmstadt
doi: 10.26083/tuprints-00027832
Dissertation, Erstveröffentlichung, Verlagsversion
Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract)
The growing integration of renewable energy power plants strongly influences the dynamic behaviour and thus the stability of interconnected power systems. Disturbances leading to rapid and severe frequency fluctuations gain significance, as for instance shown by the system separation event in continental Europe in 2021. Conventional power plants inherently counteract such frequency deviations, leveraging the inertia of rotating machines to slow down frequency changes by absorbing or releasing kinetic energy. Conversely, renewable energy power plants and emerging technologies, such as battery storage, predominantly connect to the grid through inverters — power electronic devices that inherently lack mechanical inertia.
With the increasing share of inverter-based generation, it becomes imperative to assess their potential role in maintaining the stability of power systems, particularly in low-inertia power systems. The distributed generation in many small units shifts the power generation from the transmission to the distribution grids. This thesis investigates the contribution of active distribution grids to the dynamic short-term frequency stability through comprehensive numeric simulations in the time domain. Results show that, especially under conditions of high inverter-based generation and low system inertia, active distribution grids can play a significant role in contributing to the short-term frequency stability. Different implementations of the fast frequency response control for inverter-based generation are applied and compared in a medium-voltage and high-voltage benchmark grid.
The modelling of distributed inverter-based generation plants in power system studies presents unique challenges due to their vast numbers. For large power systems, this thesis proposes reduced dynamic equivalent models based on a measurement-based approach. The dynamic equivalent or aggregation models can replicate the dynamic frequency response of active distribution grids for various settings and help including the changing structure of generation plants into power system frequency stability studies. The results also indicate which parameters are relevant to consider for dynamic equivalents of active distribution grids.
Typ des Eintrags: | Dissertation | ||||
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Erschienen: | 2024 | ||||
Autor(en): | Pfendler, Anna | ||||
Art des Eintrags: | Erstveröffentlichung | ||||
Titel: | On the dynamic frequency support of active distribution grids and their aggregation | ||||
Sprache: | Englisch | ||||
Referenten: | Hanson, Prof. Dr. Jutta ; Engel, Prof. Dr. Bernd | ||||
Publikationsjahr: | 3 September 2024 | ||||
Ort: | Darmstadt | ||||
Kollation: | xxiv, 154, lxix Seiten | ||||
Datum der mündlichen Prüfung: | 17 Juli 2024 | ||||
DOI: | 10.26083/tuprints-00027832 | ||||
URL / URN: | https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/27832 | ||||
Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract): | The growing integration of renewable energy power plants strongly influences the dynamic behaviour and thus the stability of interconnected power systems. Disturbances leading to rapid and severe frequency fluctuations gain significance, as for instance shown by the system separation event in continental Europe in 2021. Conventional power plants inherently counteract such frequency deviations, leveraging the inertia of rotating machines to slow down frequency changes by absorbing or releasing kinetic energy. Conversely, renewable energy power plants and emerging technologies, such as battery storage, predominantly connect to the grid through inverters — power electronic devices that inherently lack mechanical inertia. With the increasing share of inverter-based generation, it becomes imperative to assess their potential role in maintaining the stability of power systems, particularly in low-inertia power systems. The distributed generation in many small units shifts the power generation from the transmission to the distribution grids. This thesis investigates the contribution of active distribution grids to the dynamic short-term frequency stability through comprehensive numeric simulations in the time domain. Results show that, especially under conditions of high inverter-based generation and low system inertia, active distribution grids can play a significant role in contributing to the short-term frequency stability. Different implementations of the fast frequency response control for inverter-based generation are applied and compared in a medium-voltage and high-voltage benchmark grid. The modelling of distributed inverter-based generation plants in power system studies presents unique challenges due to their vast numbers. For large power systems, this thesis proposes reduced dynamic equivalent models based on a measurement-based approach. The dynamic equivalent or aggregation models can replicate the dynamic frequency response of active distribution grids for various settings and help including the changing structure of generation plants into power system frequency stability studies. The results also indicate which parameters are relevant to consider for dynamic equivalents of active distribution grids. |
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Status: | Verlagsversion | ||||
URN: | urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-278328 | ||||
Sachgruppe der Dewey Dezimalklassifikatin (DDC): | 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften > 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau | ||||
Fachbereich(e)/-gebiet(e): | 18 Fachbereich Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik 18 Fachbereich Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik > Institut für Elektrische Energiesysteme > Elektrische Energieversorgung unter Einsatz Erneuerbarer Energien 18 Fachbereich Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik > Institut für Elektrische Energiesysteme |
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Hinterlegungsdatum: | 03 Sep 2024 09:21 | ||||
Letzte Änderung: | 04 Sep 2024 09:11 | ||||
PPN: | |||||
Referenten: | Hanson, Prof. Dr. Jutta ; Engel, Prof. Dr. Bernd | ||||
Datum der mündlichen Prüfung / Verteidigung / mdl. Prüfung: | 17 Juli 2024 | ||||
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