Kuntke, Franz (2024)
Resilient Smart Farming: Crisis-Capable Information and Communication Technologies for Agriculture.
doi: 10.26083/tuprints-00026496
Buch, Zweitveröffentlichung, Verlagsversion
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Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract)
Like many sectors, agriculture is experiencing a continuous digitalization, i.e. an increase in data-driven technologies used. In contrast to companies of other critical infrastructures – e.g. energy or telecommunication – a typical farm is comparatively small and often run as a family business. Accordingly, the demands on farming technology, its implementation, and regulations are different in many terms. Furthermore, the circumstances that influence crisis risks and crisis management are different in agriculture – and as digitalization introduces new potential risks, this process should be reviewed critically. Currently, the most advanced approaches for agriculture are typically referred to as smart farming and agriculture 4.0, which incorporate more precise cultivation with less manual effort. But such new agriculture technology developments usually lack an assessment about its impact on the sector's resilience and dependencies on other infrastructures. The research domains of crisis informatics and IT security mostly focuses on other topics, apart from agriculture. The resilience research in agriculture itself is currently intensifying, however, this line of research focuses more on problems resulting from the climate crisis and social change. For these reasons it remains unclear, how digitalization impacts the resilience of food production and food safety. Therefore, it is not well researched which technological developments may lead to undesired effects in the future. How modern systems should be designed to allow for both, positive impacts on efficiency, and prevention of negative effects in terms of reduced resilience capacities, is also not answered by current literature. The aim of the present work is to close this research gap at the intersection of agriculture, digitalization, and resilience.
To answer the question to what extent current technologies used by farmers are at risk of failure, the dissertation first presents a snapshot of the resilience state of agricultural companies and the technologies used. This involves interviews with stakeholders, mainly farmers, as well as surveying security issues of the LoRaWAN protocol, a transmission technology especially useful for agricultural Internet of Things. Which desires of farmers exist regarding software focusing on aspects of business continuity and secured operations, is another open question. This dissertation aims to also answer this question with empirical methods, mainly focus groups and usability tests. Then the rise of Internet of Things in agriculture raises another question, whether such technologies acquired for smart farming could also have benefits for resilience against internet-connection-lost situations. This question is answered by empirical evaluation of LoRaWAN range characteristics in agricultural landscapes, as well as artifact generation for resilient communication channels on top of LoRaWAN transmission devices.
Several findings are derived from the conducted research: There is a lack of understanding of how strong the used tools in agriculture depend on ICT, and many tools require a working internet connection. Moreover, IT employed by agricultural enterprises presents security concerns similar to those encountered in other domains. Based on these findings, developments, and evaluations of new software approaches are presented: Derived design criteria and own system designs that allow for modern data-driven business operations, including IoT integration based on LoRaWAN. The developed solutions show an increase in resilience capacities by enhancing the communication possibilities in crisis situations. The detected low absorption capacities against communication infrastructure outages shows room for improvement. To improve agricultural ITs' resilience, software engineers could use the concepts and designs of this dissertation for their product development, like a modular offline-capable farm management storage that allows an exchange of small data in an autarkic manner via commodity LoRaWAN hardware. But also technology advisors and farmers benefit from the technological analyses and suggestions embedded in this work, like using multiple LoRaWAN gateways with an overlapping coverage to mitigate security vulnerabilities.
Typ des Eintrags: | Buch | ||||
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Erschienen: | 2024 | ||||
Autor(en): | Kuntke, Franz | ||||
Art des Eintrags: | Zweitveröffentlichung | ||||
Titel: | Resilient Smart Farming: Crisis-Capable Information and Communication Technologies for Agriculture | ||||
Sprache: | Englisch | ||||
Referenten: | Reuter, Prof. Dr. Christian ; Dörr, Prof. Dr. Jörg | ||||
Publikationsjahr: | 8 Juli 2024 | ||||
Ort: | Darmstadt | ||||
Publikationsdatum der Erstveröffentlichung: | 4 Mai 2024 | ||||
Ort der Erstveröffentlichung: | Wiesbaden | ||||
Verlag: | Springer Vieweg | ||||
Reihe: | Technology, Peace and Security | Technologie, Frieden und Sicherheit | ||||
Kollation: | XIV, 246 Seiten | ||||
Datum der mündlichen Prüfung: | 6 Dezember 2023 | ||||
DOI: | 10.26083/tuprints-00026496 | ||||
URL / URN: | https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/26496 | ||||
Zugehörige Links: | |||||
Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract): | Like many sectors, agriculture is experiencing a continuous digitalization, i.e. an increase in data-driven technologies used. In contrast to companies of other critical infrastructures – e.g. energy or telecommunication – a typical farm is comparatively small and often run as a family business. Accordingly, the demands on farming technology, its implementation, and regulations are different in many terms. Furthermore, the circumstances that influence crisis risks and crisis management are different in agriculture – and as digitalization introduces new potential risks, this process should be reviewed critically. Currently, the most advanced approaches for agriculture are typically referred to as smart farming and agriculture 4.0, which incorporate more precise cultivation with less manual effort. But such new agriculture technology developments usually lack an assessment about its impact on the sector's resilience and dependencies on other infrastructures. The research domains of crisis informatics and IT security mostly focuses on other topics, apart from agriculture. The resilience research in agriculture itself is currently intensifying, however, this line of research focuses more on problems resulting from the climate crisis and social change. For these reasons it remains unclear, how digitalization impacts the resilience of food production and food safety. Therefore, it is not well researched which technological developments may lead to undesired effects in the future. How modern systems should be designed to allow for both, positive impacts on efficiency, and prevention of negative effects in terms of reduced resilience capacities, is also not answered by current literature. The aim of the present work is to close this research gap at the intersection of agriculture, digitalization, and resilience. To answer the question to what extent current technologies used by farmers are at risk of failure, the dissertation first presents a snapshot of the resilience state of agricultural companies and the technologies used. This involves interviews with stakeholders, mainly farmers, as well as surveying security issues of the LoRaWAN protocol, a transmission technology especially useful for agricultural Internet of Things. Which desires of farmers exist regarding software focusing on aspects of business continuity and secured operations, is another open question. This dissertation aims to also answer this question with empirical methods, mainly focus groups and usability tests. Then the rise of Internet of Things in agriculture raises another question, whether such technologies acquired for smart farming could also have benefits for resilience against internet-connection-lost situations. This question is answered by empirical evaluation of LoRaWAN range characteristics in agricultural landscapes, as well as artifact generation for resilient communication channels on top of LoRaWAN transmission devices. Several findings are derived from the conducted research: There is a lack of understanding of how strong the used tools in agriculture depend on ICT, and many tools require a working internet connection. Moreover, IT employed by agricultural enterprises presents security concerns similar to those encountered in other domains. Based on these findings, developments, and evaluations of new software approaches are presented: Derived design criteria and own system designs that allow for modern data-driven business operations, including IoT integration based on LoRaWAN. The developed solutions show an increase in resilience capacities by enhancing the communication possibilities in crisis situations. The detected low absorption capacities against communication infrastructure outages shows room for improvement. To improve agricultural ITs' resilience, software engineers could use the concepts and designs of this dissertation for their product development, like a modular offline-capable farm management storage that allows an exchange of small data in an autarkic manner via commodity LoRaWAN hardware. But also technology advisors and farmers benefit from the technological analyses and suggestions embedded in this work, like using multiple LoRaWAN gateways with an overlapping coverage to mitigate security vulnerabilities. |
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Alternatives oder übersetztes Abstract: |
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Status: | Verlagsversion | ||||
URN: | urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-264969 | ||||
Sachgruppe der Dewey Dezimalklassifikatin (DDC): | 000 Allgemeines, Informatik, Informationswissenschaft > 004 Informatik 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften > 630 Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin |
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Fachbereich(e)/-gebiet(e): | 20 Fachbereich Informatik 20 Fachbereich Informatik > Wissenschaft und Technik für Frieden und Sicherheit (PEASEC) |
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TU-Projekte: | Bund/BMWL|868579|GeoBox Bund|898892|GeoBox II |
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Hinterlegungsdatum: | 08 Jul 2024 09:38 | ||||
Letzte Änderung: | 09 Jul 2024 09:17 | ||||
PPN: | |||||
Referenten: | Reuter, Prof. Dr. Christian ; Dörr, Prof. Dr. Jörg | ||||
Datum der mündlichen Prüfung / Verteidigung / mdl. Prüfung: | 6 Dezember 2023 | ||||
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