Dieringer, Paul (2024)
Demonstration and Optimization of the Chemical Looping Gasification Technology in 1 MWth Scale.
Technische Universität Darmstadt
doi: 10.26083/tuprints-00026623
Dissertation, Erstveröffentlichung, Verlagsversion
Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract)
Chemical looping gasification (CLG) is a novel thermochemical process allowing for the efficient conversion of different feedstocks (e.g. biomass, municipal waste) into a high-calorific synthesis gas (=H2 & CO), which can subsequently be used for the synthesis of different marketable products, such as fuels or chemicals. While the CLG technology was successfully validated in lab scale using different reactor setups, feedstocks, and active materials, its demonstration in an industrially relevant environment remains a challenge. Overcoming this major technical hurdle on the pathway towards advancing the CLG technology to market maturity, thereby facilitating an efficient valorization of different waste streams in the future, signifies the main goal of this dissertation. To accomplish this, the existing 1 MWth pilot plant at the Institute for Energy Systems and Technology (EST) was adapted and optimized in order to allow for long-term autothermal (i.e. without external energy input) chemical looping gasification. Here, the general steps of a standardized chemical engineering project, ranging from process definition and basic engineering to plant commissioning, operation, and optimization, were carried out between March 2019 and September 2023. In the course of this venture, the general viability of autothermal chemical looping gasification in an industrially relevant environment was proven by ultimately achieving over 400 hours of CLG operation in the 1 MWth pilot plant, utilizing three different biogenic materials as feedstock. This was facilitated by devising a novel process control concept as well as a holistic set of operational rules and principles, allowing for efficient autothermal CLG operation, with cold gas efficiencies up to 50 % being reached in 1 MWth scale. On top of that, crucial findings for establishing a suitable process layout of an industrial-scale chemical looping gasifier were derived in the course of the adaption and commissioning of the 1 MWth pilot plant as well as the subsequent in-depth evaluation of the datasets gathered during autothermal CLG operation. Moreover, this evaluation allowed for a holistic investigation of relevant aspects for process up-scaling, covering the most auspicious routes for process optimization as well as potential technical bottlenecks one could encounter in industrial scale. Process simulations, using models validated with data gathered during autothermal CLG operation, show that when overcoming the technical hurdles faced in 1 MWth scale, such as limited oxygen carrier (OC) lifetime and restricted OC circulation, cold gas efficiencies >80 % and carbon conversions close to 90 % can be obtained in industrial scale. Hence, the technical competitiveness of the chemical looping gasification process was demonstrated within the scope of this work, thus encouraging future up-scaling activities, which could promote the CLG technology into a crucial building block for the aspired circular economy.
Typ des Eintrags: | Dissertation | ||||
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Erschienen: | 2024 | ||||
Autor(en): | Dieringer, Paul | ||||
Art des Eintrags: | Erstveröffentlichung | ||||
Titel: | Demonstration and Optimization of the Chemical Looping Gasification Technology in 1 MWth Scale | ||||
Sprache: | Englisch | ||||
Referenten: | Epple, Prof. Dr. Bernd ; Dreizler, Prof. Dr. Andreas | ||||
Publikationsjahr: | 12 Februar 2024 | ||||
Ort: | Darmstadt | ||||
Kollation: | xix, 197 Seiten | ||||
Datum der mündlichen Prüfung: | 31 Januar 2024 | ||||
DOI: | 10.26083/tuprints-00026623 | ||||
URL / URN: | https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/26623 | ||||
Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract): | Chemical looping gasification (CLG) is a novel thermochemical process allowing for the efficient conversion of different feedstocks (e.g. biomass, municipal waste) into a high-calorific synthesis gas (=H2 & CO), which can subsequently be used for the synthesis of different marketable products, such as fuels or chemicals. While the CLG technology was successfully validated in lab scale using different reactor setups, feedstocks, and active materials, its demonstration in an industrially relevant environment remains a challenge. Overcoming this major technical hurdle on the pathway towards advancing the CLG technology to market maturity, thereby facilitating an efficient valorization of different waste streams in the future, signifies the main goal of this dissertation. To accomplish this, the existing 1 MWth pilot plant at the Institute for Energy Systems and Technology (EST) was adapted and optimized in order to allow for long-term autothermal (i.e. without external energy input) chemical looping gasification. Here, the general steps of a standardized chemical engineering project, ranging from process definition and basic engineering to plant commissioning, operation, and optimization, were carried out between March 2019 and September 2023. In the course of this venture, the general viability of autothermal chemical looping gasification in an industrially relevant environment was proven by ultimately achieving over 400 hours of CLG operation in the 1 MWth pilot plant, utilizing three different biogenic materials as feedstock. This was facilitated by devising a novel process control concept as well as a holistic set of operational rules and principles, allowing for efficient autothermal CLG operation, with cold gas efficiencies up to 50 % being reached in 1 MWth scale. On top of that, crucial findings for establishing a suitable process layout of an industrial-scale chemical looping gasifier were derived in the course of the adaption and commissioning of the 1 MWth pilot plant as well as the subsequent in-depth evaluation of the datasets gathered during autothermal CLG operation. Moreover, this evaluation allowed for a holistic investigation of relevant aspects for process up-scaling, covering the most auspicious routes for process optimization as well as potential technical bottlenecks one could encounter in industrial scale. Process simulations, using models validated with data gathered during autothermal CLG operation, show that when overcoming the technical hurdles faced in 1 MWth scale, such as limited oxygen carrier (OC) lifetime and restricted OC circulation, cold gas efficiencies >80 % and carbon conversions close to 90 % can be obtained in industrial scale. Hence, the technical competitiveness of the chemical looping gasification process was demonstrated within the scope of this work, thus encouraging future up-scaling activities, which could promote the CLG technology into a crucial building block for the aspired circular economy. |
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Status: | Verlagsversion | ||||
URN: | urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-266234 | ||||
Sachgruppe der Dewey Dezimalklassifikatin (DDC): | 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften > 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau | ||||
Fachbereich(e)/-gebiet(e): | 16 Fachbereich Maschinenbau 16 Fachbereich Maschinenbau > Institut für Energiesysteme und Energietechnik (EST) |
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TU-Projekte: | EC/H2020|817841|CLARA | ||||
Hinterlegungsdatum: | 12 Feb 2024 13:37 | ||||
Letzte Änderung: | 13 Feb 2024 07:26 | ||||
PPN: | |||||
Referenten: | Epple, Prof. Dr. Bernd ; Dreizler, Prof. Dr. Andreas | ||||
Datum der mündlichen Prüfung / Verteidigung / mdl. Prüfung: | 31 Januar 2024 | ||||
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