Koch, David (2024)
Local structure and phase transition in compositionally complex magnetocalorics.
Technische Universität Darmstadt
doi: 10.26083/tuprints-00026583
Dissertation, Erstveröffentlichung, Verlagsversion
Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract)
Magneto-functional materials play a pivotal role in modern society’s pursuit of sustainability through renewable energy sources. Among these materials, solid-state cooling systems based on the magnetocaloric or multicaloric effect offer a promising way for reducing energy consumption in cooling applications. The global demand for cooling solutions is steadily rising, emphasizing the need for energy-efficient alternatives to conventional vapor compression techniques. Ni-Mn- Z-based Heusler alloys, where Z is a main group element, represent a promising candidate for solid-state cooling due to their martensitic phase transitions and unique functional properties. These transitions, from a high-temperature cubic phase (austenite) to a low-symmetry lowtemperature phase (martensite), have been the subject of extensive experimental and theoretical research since the 1990s. Additionally, these alloys exhibit the characteristic L2₁ atomic structure, which is typical for Heusler alloys. In 2015, the discovery of the "all-d-Heusler" system Ni(Co)MnTi, which lacks main group elements and features a tunable magneto-structural phase transition, opened new ways for research. These alloys, free of p-electrons, presented intriguing questions regarding the origins of structural instability and ordering mechanisms. Compared to traditional Heusler alloys, all-d-Heusler compounds are less brittle and more ductile, offering improved mechanical stability and machinability, making them promising candidates for solid-state refrigeration.However, the inclusion of Co in substantial amounts adds complexity to the composition, introducing challenges in unraveling the chemical ordering in these compositionally complex magnetocaloric alloys. This thesis aims to investigate chemical ordering in the Ni-Co-Mn-Ti system at both long and short length scales and explore its interaction with structural instability. Understanding this material system has the potential to lead to the discovery of more systems with martensitic phase transitions composed of abundant 3-d metals. To investigate the structure and phase transition of this complex system, advanced scattering techniques, including laboratory x-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, and high-energy x-ray diffraction at a synchrotron source, are employed. While long range order can be studied in polycrystalline materials, single crystalline samples are essential for probing short-range order and anisotropic elastic precursors related to the martensitic phase transition. Key findings include the absence of long range L2₁order in Ni(Co)MnTi, in contrast to Ni-Mn-Z Heusler compounds. The inclusion of Co introduces sensitivity to the degree of chemical long range order, offering a means to tune phase transitions. Additionally, Co allows to modify the martensite structures. This modification enhances phase compatibility and improves thermal hysteresis. Furthermore, the investigation of diffuse x-ray scattering in single crystals unveils a complex behavior of the elastic moduli for ferromagnetic Ni₃₇Co₁₃Mn₃₃Ti₁₇ with a diverging Zener anisotropy constant approaching the phase transition. A soft mode in the TA₂ phonon branch is found, even though no p-d hybridization is present. Short-range L2₁ order can be induced by low-temperature annealing and shows an influence on the phase transition temperatures and soft mode behaviors, emphasizing the significance of local order on physical properties. In conclusion, this thesis contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the Ni-Co-Mn-Ti system, shedding light on its complex phase transitions, chemical ordering, and the interplay between magnetism and lattice interactions. The insights gained pave the way for the design of improved magnetocaloric materials composed of abundant 3-d metals, with potential applications in energy efficient solid-state refrigeration.
Typ des Eintrags: | Dissertation | ||||
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Erschienen: | 2024 | ||||
Autor(en): | Koch, David | ||||
Art des Eintrags: | Erstveröffentlichung | ||||
Titel: | Local structure and phase transition in compositionally complex magnetocalorics | ||||
Sprache: | Englisch | ||||
Referenten: | Donner, Prof. Dr. Wolfgang ; Gruner, PD. Dr. Markus | ||||
Publikationsjahr: | 9 Februar 2024 | ||||
Ort: | Darmstadt | ||||
Kollation: | xii, 115 Seiten | ||||
Datum der mündlichen Prüfung: | 12 Januar 2024 | ||||
DOI: | 10.26083/tuprints-00026583 | ||||
URL / URN: | https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/26583 | ||||
Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract): | Magneto-functional materials play a pivotal role in modern society’s pursuit of sustainability through renewable energy sources. Among these materials, solid-state cooling systems based on the magnetocaloric or multicaloric effect offer a promising way for reducing energy consumption in cooling applications. The global demand for cooling solutions is steadily rising, emphasizing the need for energy-efficient alternatives to conventional vapor compression techniques. Ni-Mn- Z-based Heusler alloys, where Z is a main group element, represent a promising candidate for solid-state cooling due to their martensitic phase transitions and unique functional properties. These transitions, from a high-temperature cubic phase (austenite) to a low-symmetry lowtemperature phase (martensite), have been the subject of extensive experimental and theoretical research since the 1990s. Additionally, these alloys exhibit the characteristic L2₁ atomic structure, which is typical for Heusler alloys. In 2015, the discovery of the "all-d-Heusler" system Ni(Co)MnTi, which lacks main group elements and features a tunable magneto-structural phase transition, opened new ways for research. These alloys, free of p-electrons, presented intriguing questions regarding the origins of structural instability and ordering mechanisms. Compared to traditional Heusler alloys, all-d-Heusler compounds are less brittle and more ductile, offering improved mechanical stability and machinability, making them promising candidates for solid-state refrigeration.However, the inclusion of Co in substantial amounts adds complexity to the composition, introducing challenges in unraveling the chemical ordering in these compositionally complex magnetocaloric alloys. This thesis aims to investigate chemical ordering in the Ni-Co-Mn-Ti system at both long and short length scales and explore its interaction with structural instability. Understanding this material system has the potential to lead to the discovery of more systems with martensitic phase transitions composed of abundant 3-d metals. To investigate the structure and phase transition of this complex system, advanced scattering techniques, including laboratory x-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, and high-energy x-ray diffraction at a synchrotron source, are employed. While long range order can be studied in polycrystalline materials, single crystalline samples are essential for probing short-range order and anisotropic elastic precursors related to the martensitic phase transition. Key findings include the absence of long range L2₁order in Ni(Co)MnTi, in contrast to Ni-Mn-Z Heusler compounds. The inclusion of Co introduces sensitivity to the degree of chemical long range order, offering a means to tune phase transitions. Additionally, Co allows to modify the martensite structures. This modification enhances phase compatibility and improves thermal hysteresis. Furthermore, the investigation of diffuse x-ray scattering in single crystals unveils a complex behavior of the elastic moduli for ferromagnetic Ni₃₇Co₁₃Mn₃₃Ti₁₇ with a diverging Zener anisotropy constant approaching the phase transition. A soft mode in the TA₂ phonon branch is found, even though no p-d hybridization is present. Short-range L2₁ order can be induced by low-temperature annealing and shows an influence on the phase transition temperatures and soft mode behaviors, emphasizing the significance of local order on physical properties. In conclusion, this thesis contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the Ni-Co-Mn-Ti system, shedding light on its complex phase transitions, chemical ordering, and the interplay between magnetism and lattice interactions. The insights gained pave the way for the design of improved magnetocaloric materials composed of abundant 3-d metals, with potential applications in energy efficient solid-state refrigeration. |
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Alternatives oder übersetztes Abstract: |
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Status: | Verlagsversion | ||||
URN: | urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-265832 | ||||
Sachgruppe der Dewey Dezimalklassifikatin (DDC): | 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 500 Naturwissenschaften 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 530 Physik 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 540 Chemie |
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Fachbereich(e)/-gebiet(e): | 11 Fachbereich Material- und Geowissenschaften 11 Fachbereich Material- und Geowissenschaften > Materialwissenschaft 11 Fachbereich Material- und Geowissenschaften > Materialwissenschaft > Fachgebiet Strukturforschung |
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Hinterlegungsdatum: | 09 Feb 2024 13:03 | ||||
Letzte Änderung: | 12 Feb 2024 07:32 | ||||
PPN: | |||||
Referenten: | Donner, Prof. Dr. Wolfgang ; Gruner, PD. Dr. Markus | ||||
Datum der mündlichen Prüfung / Verteidigung / mdl. Prüfung: | 12 Januar 2024 | ||||
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