Horstmann, Martin ; Buchheit, Hannah ; Speck, Thomas ; Poppinga, Simon (2023)
The cracking of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) cones.
In: Frontiers in Plant Science, 2022, 13
doi: 10.26083/tuprints-00022819
Artikel, Zweitveröffentlichung, Verlagsversion
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Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract)
Pine cones show functionally highly resilient, hygroscopically actuated opening and closing movements, which are repeatable and function even in millions of years old, coalified cones. Although the functional morphology and biomechanics behind the individual seed scale motions are well understood, the initial opening of the cone, which is often accompanied by an audible cracking noise, is not. We therefore investigated the initial opening events of mature fresh cones of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and their subsequent motion patterns. Using high-speed and time lapse videography, 3D digital image correlation techniques, force measurements, thermographic and chemical-rheological resin analyses, we are able to draw a holistic picture of the initial opening process involving the rupture of resin seals and very fast seed scale motion in the millisecond regime. The rapid cone opening was not accompanied by immediate seed release in our experiments and, therefore, cannot be assigned to ballistochory. As the involved passive hydraulic-elastic processes in cracking are very fine-tuned, we hypothesize that they are under tight mechanical-structural control to ensure an ecologically optimized seed release upon environmental conditions suitable for wind dispersal. In this context, we propose an interplay of humidity and temperature to be the external "drivers" for the initial cone opening, in which resin works as a crucial chemical-mechanical latch system.
| Typ des Eintrags: | Artikel |
|---|---|
| Erschienen: | 2023 |
| Autor(en): | Horstmann, Martin ; Buchheit, Hannah ; Speck, Thomas ; Poppinga, Simon |
| Art des Eintrags: | Zweitveröffentlichung |
| Titel: | The cracking of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) cones |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Publikationsjahr: | 14 November 2023 |
| Ort: | Darmstadt |
| Publikationsdatum der Erstveröffentlichung: | 2022 |
| Ort der Erstveröffentlichung: | Lausanne |
| Verlag: | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| Titel der Zeitschrift, Zeitung oder Schriftenreihe: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| Jahrgang/Volume einer Zeitschrift: | 13 |
| Kollation: | 13 Seiten |
| DOI: | 10.26083/tuprints-00022819 |
| URL / URN: | https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/22819 |
| Zugehörige Links: | |
| Herkunft: | Zweitveröffentlichung DeepGreen |
| Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract): | Pine cones show functionally highly resilient, hygroscopically actuated opening and closing movements, which are repeatable and function even in millions of years old, coalified cones. Although the functional morphology and biomechanics behind the individual seed scale motions are well understood, the initial opening of the cone, which is often accompanied by an audible cracking noise, is not. We therefore investigated the initial opening events of mature fresh cones of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and their subsequent motion patterns. Using high-speed and time lapse videography, 3D digital image correlation techniques, force measurements, thermographic and chemical-rheological resin analyses, we are able to draw a holistic picture of the initial opening process involving the rupture of resin seals and very fast seed scale motion in the millisecond regime. The rapid cone opening was not accompanied by immediate seed release in our experiments and, therefore, cannot be assigned to ballistochory. As the involved passive hydraulic-elastic processes in cracking are very fine-tuned, we hypothesize that they are under tight mechanical-structural control to ensure an ecologically optimized seed release upon environmental conditions suitable for wind dispersal. In this context, we propose an interplay of humidity and temperature to be the external "drivers" for the initial cone opening, in which resin works as a crucial chemical-mechanical latch system. |
| Freie Schlagworte: | hygroscopy, initial opening, pine cone, plant movement, seed release |
| Status: | Verlagsversion |
| URN: | urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-228199 |
| Sachgruppe der Dewey Dezimalklassifikatin (DDC): | 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 580 Pflanzen (Botanik) |
| Fachbereich(e)/-gebiet(e): | 10 Fachbereich Biologie 10 Fachbereich Biologie > Botanischer Garten |
| Hinterlegungsdatum: | 14 Nov 2023 14:24 |
| Letzte Änderung: | 15 Nov 2023 08:52 |
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- The cracking of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) cones. (deposited 14 Nov 2023 14:24) [Gegenwärtig angezeigt]
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