Koksharov, Josefine ; Klingelhofer, Jonas ; Dammel, Frank ; Stephan, Peter (2023)
Thermodynamic and Economic Analysis of a Carnot Battery with a Two Zone Water Tank as Thermal Energy Storage.
36th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems (ECOS 2023). Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain (25.-30.06.2023)
doi: 10.52202/069564-0192
Konferenzveröffentlichung, Bibliographie
Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract)
In the process of energy transition, the share of renewable energy sources is increasing. This leads to strong fluctuations in power generation. To balance supply and demand, energy storage is required. Carnot batteries could be a promising storage technology to solve this problem. These batteries convert electrical energy into thermal energy through an electrical resistance heater or a heat pump and stores this energy for a period of time. Later, the thermal energy is converted back into electrical energy through a heat engine. A Carnot battery with a two-zone tank and water as a storage medium was investigated. This type of storage allows storage temperatures above 100 °C under atmospheric conditions. The system studied here applies a storage temperature of 115 °C. Charging is realized with a CO2 heat pump, while discharging uses a heat engine with an organic fluid. This Carnot battery was implemented and simulated in EBSILON Professional. The supplied electrical power was 18 MW and the maximum outlet temperature was 150 °C. Derived from the day-ahead market, a charging and discharging time of 4 h was applied. To identify the most promising concept for practical applications, the round trip efficiency, levelized cost of electricity (LCOE), and technology readiness level (TRL) of the different Carnot battery configurations were compared. In addition, a simplified sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the influence of the uncertainties of the economic parameters on the LCOE. Furthermore, the change in the LCOE with a variation in the charging and discharging duration was investigated. The advantage of a CO2 heat pump is that applications with high input power have already been implemented, which leads to an estimated TRL of at least 6. By contrast, heat pumps for temperatures above 100 °C utilizing screw or piston compressors are only available for lower power applications.
| Typ des Eintrags: | Konferenzveröffentlichung |
|---|---|
| Erschienen: | 2023 |
| Autor(en): | Koksharov, Josefine ; Klingelhofer, Jonas ; Dammel, Frank ; Stephan, Peter |
| Art des Eintrags: | Bibliographie |
| Titel: | Thermodynamic and Economic Analysis of a Carnot Battery with a Two Zone Water Tank as Thermal Energy Storage |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Publikationsjahr: | Juni 2023 |
| Ort: | Red Hook, NY |
| Verlag: | Curran Associates Inc. |
| Buchtitel: | 36th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems (ECOS 2023) |
| Veranstaltungstitel: | 36th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems (ECOS 2023) |
| Veranstaltungsort: | Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain |
| Veranstaltungsdatum: | 25.-30.06.2023 |
| DOI: | 10.52202/069564-0192 |
| Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract): | In the process of energy transition, the share of renewable energy sources is increasing. This leads to strong fluctuations in power generation. To balance supply and demand, energy storage is required. Carnot batteries could be a promising storage technology to solve this problem. These batteries convert electrical energy into thermal energy through an electrical resistance heater or a heat pump and stores this energy for a period of time. Later, the thermal energy is converted back into electrical energy through a heat engine. A Carnot battery with a two-zone tank and water as a storage medium was investigated. This type of storage allows storage temperatures above 100 °C under atmospheric conditions. The system studied here applies a storage temperature of 115 °C. Charging is realized with a CO2 heat pump, while discharging uses a heat engine with an organic fluid. This Carnot battery was implemented and simulated in EBSILON Professional. The supplied electrical power was 18 MW and the maximum outlet temperature was 150 °C. Derived from the day-ahead market, a charging and discharging time of 4 h was applied. To identify the most promising concept for practical applications, the round trip efficiency, levelized cost of electricity (LCOE), and technology readiness level (TRL) of the different Carnot battery configurations were compared. In addition, a simplified sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the influence of the uncertainties of the economic parameters on the LCOE. Furthermore, the change in the LCOE with a variation in the charging and discharging duration was investigated. The advantage of a CO2 heat pump is that applications with high input power have already been implemented, which leads to an estimated TRL of at least 6. By contrast, heat pumps for temperatures above 100 °C utilizing screw or piston compressors are only available for lower power applications. |
| Fachbereich(e)/-gebiet(e): | 16 Fachbereich Maschinenbau 16 Fachbereich Maschinenbau > Fachgebiet für Technische Thermodynamik (TTD) |
| Hinterlegungsdatum: | 25 Sep 2023 07:05 |
| Letzte Änderung: | 25 Sep 2023 07:05 |
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