Erwig, Andreas (2023)
Provably Secure Advanced Cryptographic Wallets.
Technische Universität Darmstadt
doi: 10.26083/tuprints-00024454
Dissertation, Erstveröffentlichung, Verlagsversion
Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract)
The introduction of Bitcoin in 2008 has sparked wide attention as the concept of a decentralized cryptographic currency seemingly promised to revolutionize the financial sector. Indeed, 15 years after Bitcoin has been introduced, there exist a myriad of decentralized cryptocurrencies with millions of users around the world. Virtually all cryptocurrencies rely on digital signatures as an authentication mechanism for payments, i.e., whenever a user issues a payment, it must attach a digital signature under its signing key so as to authorize the transaction. That is, the funds of a user in a cryptocurrency network are directly tied to the user's signing key which conversely means that the loss of the signing key directly translates to the loss of the user's funds. Cryptographic wallets have become an essential tool in the cryptocurrency space to allow users to securely store and maintain their signing keys. However, despite significant efforts to develop secure cryptographic wallets, various attacks in the past have proven that this is a tedious task, and that an insecure wallet scheme can lead to the theft of millions of USD from users.
In this thesis, we significantly contribute to the development and analysis of provably secure cryptographic wallets. As a first step, we provide a rigorous security analysis of the Bitcoin Improvement Proposal 32 (BIP32), the current state of the art standard for cryptographic wallets that is widely used in practice today. We find that a simple change to the standard can significantly increase its concrete security. As a second step, we develop novel wallet schemes that improve upon the state of the art by either providing better security or functionality. More concretely, we present a threshold version of BIP32 where the signing secret key of a wallet is split among several devices. This notably increases the standard's security as it prevents a single point of failure. We then present the first ever deterministic wallet scheme that remains secure even against a quantum adversary. Finally, we present the first deterministic wallet that supports so-called adaptor signatures, an advanced signature primitive with various applications in the cryptocurrency space. We additionally extend the adaptor signature primitive to a two-party scheme, and we discuss applications of such a scheme in cryptocurrency networks. Importantly, we provide formal models as well as rigorous security proofs for all of our constructions according to the paradigm of modern cryptography, and we generally advocate for the use of provably secure cryptographic wallets in practice.
Typ des Eintrags: | Dissertation | ||||
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Erschienen: | 2023 | ||||
Autor(en): | Erwig, Andreas | ||||
Art des Eintrags: | Erstveröffentlichung | ||||
Titel: | Provably Secure Advanced Cryptographic Wallets | ||||
Sprache: | Englisch | ||||
Referenten: | Faust, Prof. Dr. Sebastian ; Meiklejohn, Prof. Dr. Sarah | ||||
Publikationsjahr: | 2023 | ||||
Ort: | Darmstadt | ||||
Kollation: | 233 Seiten in verschiedenen Zählungen | ||||
Datum der mündlichen Prüfung: | 28 Juli 2023 | ||||
DOI: | 10.26083/tuprints-00024454 | ||||
URL / URN: | https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/24454 | ||||
Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract): | The introduction of Bitcoin in 2008 has sparked wide attention as the concept of a decentralized cryptographic currency seemingly promised to revolutionize the financial sector. Indeed, 15 years after Bitcoin has been introduced, there exist a myriad of decentralized cryptocurrencies with millions of users around the world. Virtually all cryptocurrencies rely on digital signatures as an authentication mechanism for payments, i.e., whenever a user issues a payment, it must attach a digital signature under its signing key so as to authorize the transaction. That is, the funds of a user in a cryptocurrency network are directly tied to the user's signing key which conversely means that the loss of the signing key directly translates to the loss of the user's funds. Cryptographic wallets have become an essential tool in the cryptocurrency space to allow users to securely store and maintain their signing keys. However, despite significant efforts to develop secure cryptographic wallets, various attacks in the past have proven that this is a tedious task, and that an insecure wallet scheme can lead to the theft of millions of USD from users. In this thesis, we significantly contribute to the development and analysis of provably secure cryptographic wallets. As a first step, we provide a rigorous security analysis of the Bitcoin Improvement Proposal 32 (BIP32), the current state of the art standard for cryptographic wallets that is widely used in practice today. We find that a simple change to the standard can significantly increase its concrete security. As a second step, we develop novel wallet schemes that improve upon the state of the art by either providing better security or functionality. More concretely, we present a threshold version of BIP32 where the signing secret key of a wallet is split among several devices. This notably increases the standard's security as it prevents a single point of failure. We then present the first ever deterministic wallet scheme that remains secure even against a quantum adversary. Finally, we present the first deterministic wallet that supports so-called adaptor signatures, an advanced signature primitive with various applications in the cryptocurrency space. We additionally extend the adaptor signature primitive to a two-party scheme, and we discuss applications of such a scheme in cryptocurrency networks. Importantly, we provide formal models as well as rigorous security proofs for all of our constructions according to the paradigm of modern cryptography, and we generally advocate for the use of provably secure cryptographic wallets in practice. |
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Status: | Verlagsversion | ||||
URN: | urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-244545 | ||||
Sachgruppe der Dewey Dezimalklassifikatin (DDC): | 000 Allgemeines, Informatik, Informationswissenschaft > 004 Informatik | ||||
Fachbereich(e)/-gebiet(e): | 20 Fachbereich Informatik 20 Fachbereich Informatik > Angewandte Kryptographie |
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Hinterlegungsdatum: | 01 Sep 2023 12:05 | ||||
Letzte Änderung: | 04 Sep 2023 07:26 | ||||
PPN: | |||||
Referenten: | Faust, Prof. Dr. Sebastian ; Meiklejohn, Prof. Dr. Sarah | ||||
Datum der mündlichen Prüfung / Verteidigung / mdl. Prüfung: | 28 Juli 2023 | ||||
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