Burghardt, Ewelina Katarzyna (2023)
Investigating the role of niche-derived secreted protein
acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) in human hematological malignancies.
Technische Universität Darmstadt
doi: 10.26083/tuprints-00023288
Dissertation, Erstveröffentlichung, Verlagsversion
Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract)
The dynamic interactions between hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and their surrounding bone marrow (BM) microenvironment have been shown to play an important role in the regulation of normal hematopoiesis, but were also implicated in the contribution to its deregulation and hematological malignancies. Therefore, the components of the BM niche, both cellular and non-cellular, and their role in the tumor formation, growth and treatment have been extensively studied in the past years.
Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) has been recognized as a multi-faceted matricellular glycoprotein involved in the regulation of essential cellular processes, including proliferation, migration, differentiation or adhesion. Moreover, the heterogeneous expression of SPARC is associated with various types of solid cancer. The role it plays in tumorigenesis appears to be complex and not well understood. A similar situation is observed in the context of hematological neoplasms. So far, however, no study has investigated the relevance of stromal SPARC in human acute myeloid/lymphoblastic leukemia (AML/ALL) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) in vivo.
In the scope of this thesis, the function of niche-derived SPARC was explored in human hematological malignancies in an in vivo setting. Initially, using a CRISPR-modified mouse model, it was demonstrated that deficiency of niche-produced SPARC affects the behaviour of human leukemic cells in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Interestingly, the absence of this protein appeared to have pleiotropic effects depending on the subtype of leukemia that was under investigation. The lack of niche-expression of SPARC led to an acceleration of a disease in case of MLLR-AML, while it significantly decreased the leukemic burden for CN-AML and relapsed pediatric B-ALL patient samples. Moreover, it was shown that the stromal-deficiency of SPARC affects the self-renewal capacity of leukemic stem cells in the diagnostic B-ALL samples.
The studies were further expanded to human MDS. Using fully-humanized BM in vitro models, the loss of SPARC expression, particularly in mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), was shown to increase the proliferation of MDS-derived hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) and sensitize these cells to the standard of care therapy. Importantly, these findings were also verified in in vivo PDX models of MDS.
Taken together, using solely human patient samples, the differential roles of stromal SPARC were uncovered in different hematological malignancies. The subsequent identification of mediators of SPARC effects in malignant cells may reveal new therapeutic targets that could contribute to improving the outcome for patients diagnosed with respective diseases.
Typ des Eintrags: | Dissertation | ||||
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Erschienen: | 2023 | ||||
Autor(en): | Burghardt, Ewelina Katarzyna | ||||
Art des Eintrags: | Erstveröffentlichung | ||||
Titel: | Investigating the role of niche-derived secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) in human hematological malignancies | ||||
Sprache: | Englisch | ||||
Referenten: | Süß, Prof. Dr. Beatrix ; Jungnickel, Prof. Dr. Berit | ||||
Publikationsjahr: | 2023 | ||||
Ort: | Darmstadt | ||||
Kollation: | VIII, 105 Seiten | ||||
Datum der mündlichen Prüfung: | 6 Juli 2021 | ||||
DOI: | 10.26083/tuprints-00023288 | ||||
URL / URN: | https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/23288 | ||||
Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract): | The dynamic interactions between hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and their surrounding bone marrow (BM) microenvironment have been shown to play an important role in the regulation of normal hematopoiesis, but were also implicated in the contribution to its deregulation and hematological malignancies. Therefore, the components of the BM niche, both cellular and non-cellular, and their role in the tumor formation, growth and treatment have been extensively studied in the past years. Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) has been recognized as a multi-faceted matricellular glycoprotein involved in the regulation of essential cellular processes, including proliferation, migration, differentiation or adhesion. Moreover, the heterogeneous expression of SPARC is associated with various types of solid cancer. The role it plays in tumorigenesis appears to be complex and not well understood. A similar situation is observed in the context of hematological neoplasms. So far, however, no study has investigated the relevance of stromal SPARC in human acute myeloid/lymphoblastic leukemia (AML/ALL) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) in vivo. In the scope of this thesis, the function of niche-derived SPARC was explored in human hematological malignancies in an in vivo setting. Initially, using a CRISPR-modified mouse model, it was demonstrated that deficiency of niche-produced SPARC affects the behaviour of human leukemic cells in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Interestingly, the absence of this protein appeared to have pleiotropic effects depending on the subtype of leukemia that was under investigation. The lack of niche-expression of SPARC led to an acceleration of a disease in case of MLLR-AML, while it significantly decreased the leukemic burden for CN-AML and relapsed pediatric B-ALL patient samples. Moreover, it was shown that the stromal-deficiency of SPARC affects the self-renewal capacity of leukemic stem cells in the diagnostic B-ALL samples. The studies were further expanded to human MDS. Using fully-humanized BM in vitro models, the loss of SPARC expression, particularly in mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), was shown to increase the proliferation of MDS-derived hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) and sensitize these cells to the standard of care therapy. Importantly, these findings were also verified in in vivo PDX models of MDS. Taken together, using solely human patient samples, the differential roles of stromal SPARC were uncovered in different hematological malignancies. The subsequent identification of mediators of SPARC effects in malignant cells may reveal new therapeutic targets that could contribute to improving the outcome for patients diagnosed with respective diseases. |
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Alternatives oder übersetztes Abstract: |
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Status: | Verlagsversion | ||||
URN: | urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-232887 | ||||
Sachgruppe der Dewey Dezimalklassifikatin (DDC): | 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie | ||||
Fachbereich(e)/-gebiet(e): | 10 Fachbereich Biologie 10 Fachbereich Biologie > RNA Biochemie |
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Hinterlegungsdatum: | 14 Mär 2023 13:03 | ||||
Letzte Änderung: | 15 Mär 2023 05:59 | ||||
PPN: | |||||
Referenten: | Süß, Prof. Dr. Beatrix ; Jungnickel, Prof. Dr. Berit | ||||
Datum der mündlichen Prüfung / Verteidigung / mdl. Prüfung: | 6 Juli 2021 | ||||
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