Jo, Wook ; Ollagnier, Jean-Baptiste ; Park, Jong-Lo ; Anton, Eva-Maria ; Kwon, O-Jong ; Park, Chan ; Seo, Hyun-Ho ; Lee, Jong-Sook ; Erdem, Emre ; Eichel, Rüdiger-A. ; Rödel, Jürgen (2011)
CuO as a sintering additive for (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3–BaTiO3–(K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 lead-free piezoceramics.
In: Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 31 (12)
Article
Abstract
CuO as a sintering additivewas utilized to explore a low-temperature sintering of 0.92(Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3–0.06BaTiO3–0.02(K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 lead-free piezoceramic which has shown a promise for actuator applications due to its large strain. The sintering temperature guaranteeing the relative density of greater than 98% is drastically decreased with CuO addition, and saturates at a temperature as low as ∼930 ◦C when the addition level exceeds ca. 1 mol.%. Two distinguished features induced by the addition of CuO were noted. Firstly, the initially existing two-phase mixture gradually evolves into a rhombohedral single phase with an extremely small non-cubic distortion. Secondly, a liquid phase induced by the addition of CuO causes an abnormal grain growth, which can be attributed to the grain boundary reentrant edge mechanism. Based on these two observations, it is concluded that the added CuO not only forms a liquid phase but also diffuses into the lattice. In the meantime, temperature dependent permittivity measurements both on unpoled and poled samples suggest that the phase stability of the system is greatly influenced by the addition of CuO. Polarization and strain hysteresis measurements relate the changes in the phase stability closely to the stabilization of ferroelectric order, as exemplified by a significant increase in both the remanent strain and polarization values. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopic analysis revealed that the stabilization of ferroelectric order originates from a significant amount of Cu2+ diffusing into the lattice on B-site. There, it acts as an acceptor and forms a defect dipole in association with a charge balancing oxygen vacancy.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Erschienen: | 2011 |
| Creators: | Jo, Wook ; Ollagnier, Jean-Baptiste ; Park, Jong-Lo ; Anton, Eva-Maria ; Kwon, O-Jong ; Park, Chan ; Seo, Hyun-Ho ; Lee, Jong-Sook ; Erdem, Emre ; Eichel, Rüdiger-A. ; Rödel, Jürgen |
| Type of entry: | Bibliographie |
| Title: | CuO as a sintering additive for (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3–BaTiO3–(K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 lead-free piezoceramics |
| Language: | English |
| Date: | 2011 |
| Journal or Publication Title: | Journal of the European Ceramic Society |
| Volume of the journal: | 31 |
| Issue Number: | 12 |
| URL / URN: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2011.05.008 |
| Abstract: | CuO as a sintering additivewas utilized to explore a low-temperature sintering of 0.92(Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3–0.06BaTiO3–0.02(K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 lead-free piezoceramic which has shown a promise for actuator applications due to its large strain. The sintering temperature guaranteeing the relative density of greater than 98% is drastically decreased with CuO addition, and saturates at a temperature as low as ∼930 ◦C when the addition level exceeds ca. 1 mol.%. Two distinguished features induced by the addition of CuO were noted. Firstly, the initially existing two-phase mixture gradually evolves into a rhombohedral single phase with an extremely small non-cubic distortion. Secondly, a liquid phase induced by the addition of CuO causes an abnormal grain growth, which can be attributed to the grain boundary reentrant edge mechanism. Based on these two observations, it is concluded that the added CuO not only forms a liquid phase but also diffuses into the lattice. In the meantime, temperature dependent permittivity measurements both on unpoled and poled samples suggest that the phase stability of the system is greatly influenced by the addition of CuO. Polarization and strain hysteresis measurements relate the changes in the phase stability closely to the stabilization of ferroelectric order, as exemplified by a significant increase in both the remanent strain and polarization values. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopic analysis revealed that the stabilization of ferroelectric order originates from a significant amount of Cu2+ diffusing into the lattice on B-site. There, it acts as an acceptor and forms a defect dipole in association with a charge balancing oxygen vacancy. |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Lead-free piezoceramics; C. Dielectric properties; C. Piezoelectric properties; A. Grain growth; B. Spectroscopy |
| Identification Number: | doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2011.05.008 |
| Additional Information: | SFB 595 Cooperation A1, B1 |
| Divisions: | 11 Department of Materials and Earth Sciences 11 Department of Materials and Earth Sciences > Material Science 11 Department of Materials and Earth Sciences > Material Science > Nonmetallic-Inorganic Materials Zentrale Einrichtungen DFG-Collaborative Research Centres (incl. Transregio) > Collaborative Research Centres > CRC 595: Electrical fatigue DFG-Collaborative Research Centres (incl. Transregio) > Collaborative Research Centres > CRC 595: Electrical fatigue > A - Synthesis DFG-Collaborative Research Centres (incl. Transregio) > Collaborative Research Centres > CRC 595: Electrical fatigue > A - Synthesis > Subproject A1: Manufacturing of ceramic, textured actuators with high strain DFG-Collaborative Research Centres (incl. Transregio) > Collaborative Research Centres > CRC 595: Electrical fatigue > B - Characterisation > Subproject B1: EPR-Investigations of defects in ferroelectric ceramic material DFG-Collaborative Research Centres (incl. Transregio) > Collaborative Research Centres > CRC 595: Electrical fatigue > B - Characterisation DFG-Collaborative Research Centres (incl. Transregio) > Collaborative Research Centres DFG-Collaborative Research Centres (incl. Transregio) |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Jul 2011 15:56 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Mar 2013 09:50 |
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