Tian, Honghong ; Graczyk-Zajac, Magdalena ; De Carolis, Dario M. ; Tian, Chuanmu ; Ricohermoso, Emmanuel III ; Yang, Zhiwu ; Li, Wei ; Wilamowska-Zawlocka, Monika ; Hofmann, Jan P. ; Weidenkaff, Anke ; Riedel, Ralf (2023)
A facile strategy for reclaiming discarded graphite and harnessing the rate capabilities of graphite anodes.
In: Journal of Hazardous Materials, 445
doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130607
Article, Bibliographie
Abstract
Graphite negative electrodes are unbeaten hitherto in lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) due to their unique chemical and physical properties. Thus, the increasing scarcity of graphite resources makes smart recycling or repurposing of discarded graphite particularly imperative. However, the current recycling techniques still need to be improved upon with urgency. Herein a facile and efficient hydrometallurgical process is reported to effectively regenerate aged (39.5 %, 75 % state-of-health, SOH) scrapped graphite (SG) from end-of-life lithium-ion bat-teries. Ultimately, the first cycle reversible capacity of SG1 (SOH = 39.5 %) improved from 266 mAh/g to 337 & nbsp;mAh/g while 330 mAh/g (98 %) remain after 100 cycles at 0.5 C. The reversible capacity for the first cycle of SG2 (SOH = 75 %) boosted from 335 mAh/g to 366 mAh/g with the capacity retention of 99.3 % after 100 cycles at 0.5 C, which is comparable with the benchmark commercial graphite. The regenerated graphites RG1 and RG2 exhibit excellent output characteristics even increasing the rate up to 4 C. This is the best rate level reported in the literature to date. Finally, the diffusion coefficient of Li ions during deintercalation and intercalation in the regenerated graphites have been measured by galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT), determining values 2 orders-of-magnitude higher than that of the spent counterparts. Taking advantage of the synergistic effect of acid leaching and heat treatment, this strategy provides a simple and up-scalable method to recycle graphitic anodes.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Erschienen: | 2023 |
| Creators: | Tian, Honghong ; Graczyk-Zajac, Magdalena ; De Carolis, Dario M. ; Tian, Chuanmu ; Ricohermoso, Emmanuel III ; Yang, Zhiwu ; Li, Wei ; Wilamowska-Zawlocka, Monika ; Hofmann, Jan P. ; Weidenkaff, Anke ; Riedel, Ralf |
| Type of entry: | Bibliographie |
| Title: | A facile strategy for reclaiming discarded graphite and harnessing the rate capabilities of graphite anodes |
| Language: | English |
| Date: | 5 March 2023 |
| Publisher: | Elsevier |
| Journal or Publication Title: | Journal of Hazardous Materials |
| Volume of the journal: | 445 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130607 |
| Abstract: | Graphite negative electrodes are unbeaten hitherto in lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) due to their unique chemical and physical properties. Thus, the increasing scarcity of graphite resources makes smart recycling or repurposing of discarded graphite particularly imperative. However, the current recycling techniques still need to be improved upon with urgency. Herein a facile and efficient hydrometallurgical process is reported to effectively regenerate aged (39.5 %, 75 % state-of-health, SOH) scrapped graphite (SG) from end-of-life lithium-ion bat-teries. Ultimately, the first cycle reversible capacity of SG1 (SOH = 39.5 %) improved from 266 mAh/g to 337 & nbsp;mAh/g while 330 mAh/g (98 %) remain after 100 cycles at 0.5 C. The reversible capacity for the first cycle of SG2 (SOH = 75 %) boosted from 335 mAh/g to 366 mAh/g with the capacity retention of 99.3 % after 100 cycles at 0.5 C, which is comparable with the benchmark commercial graphite. The regenerated graphites RG1 and RG2 exhibit excellent output characteristics even increasing the rate up to 4 C. This is the best rate level reported in the literature to date. Finally, the diffusion coefficient of Li ions during deintercalation and intercalation in the regenerated graphites have been measured by galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT), determining values 2 orders-of-magnitude higher than that of the spent counterparts. Taking advantage of the synergistic effect of acid leaching and heat treatment, this strategy provides a simple and up-scalable method to recycle graphitic anodes. |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | State of health, Discarded graphite, Hydrometallurgy, Recycling, Rate-capability, Lithium-ion diffusion coefficient, lithium-ion batteries |
| Additional Information: | Artikel-ID: 130607 |
| Divisions: | 11 Department of Materials and Earth Sciences 11 Department of Materials and Earth Sciences > Material Science 11 Department of Materials and Earth Sciences > Material Science > Dispersive Solids 11 Department of Materials and Earth Sciences > Material Science > Surface Science 11 Department of Materials and Earth Sciences > Material Science > Materials and Resources |
| TU-Projects: | HA(Hessen Agentur)|849/20-09|Re2LiB |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Feb 2023 08:58 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Feb 2023 08:58 |
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