Hack, Jochen ; Schröter, Barbara
Hrsg.: Brears, R. (2021)
Nature-Based Solutions for River Restoration in Metropolitan Areas - The Example of Costa Rica.
In: The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Urban and Regional Futures
doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-51812-7
Buchkapitel, Bibliographie

Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract)

Nature-based solutions (NBS) are “actions which are inspired by, supported by or copied from nature” (Commission 2015), or more specifically, actions that (i) alleviate a well-defined societal challenge, (ii) utilize ecosystem processes, and (iii) are embedded within viable governance models (Albert et al. 2019). The term is used as an umbrella term for existing concepts such as ecological restoration, ecological engineering, green and blue infrastructure, ecosystem-based management, ecosystem-based adaptation, ecosystem-based disaster risk reduction, or building with nature. River restoration refers to a variety of ecological, physical, spatial, and management measures aimed at restoring the natural state and functioning of the river system in support of biodiversity, recreation, flood management, and landscape development (ECRR 2021). NBS for river restoration all include in-stream and off-stream measures that initiate or accelerate the recovery of degraded, damaged, or destroyed river ecosystems. Examples for in-stream measures are wetland restoration, reconnection of seasonal streams, revitalization of floodplains, or the reestablishment of alluvial forest. Off-stream measures NBS for river restoration contribute to a more natural water balance and flow regime as well as control water quality and erosion, such as bioretention areas, bioswales, infiltration trenches, raingardens, green roofs, or other elements of green stormwater infrastructures and water-sensitive urban design.

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