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One Billion Apples' Secret Sauce: Recipe for the Apple Wireless Direct Link Ad hoc Protocol

Stute, Milan ; Kreitschmann, David ; Hollick, Matthias (2018)
One Billion Apples' Secret Sauce: Recipe for the Apple Wireless Direct Link Ad hoc Protocol.
The 24th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom '18). New Delhi, India (October 29–November 2, 2018)
doi: 10.1145/3241539.3241566
Konferenzveröffentlichung, Bibliographie

Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract)

Apple Wireless Direct Link (AWDL) is a proprietary and undocumented IEEE 802.11-based ad hoc protocol. Apple first introduced AWDL around 2014 and has since integrated it into its entire product line, including iPhone and Mac. While we have found that AWDL drives popular applications such as AirPlay and AirDrop on more than one billion end-user devices, neither the protocol itself nor potential security and Wi-Fi coexistence issues have been studied. In this paper, we present the operation of the protocol as the result of binary and runtime analysis. In short, each AWDL node announces a sequence of Availability Windows (AWs) indicating its readiness to communicate with other AWDL nodes. An elected master node synchronizes these sequences. Outside the AWs, nodes can tune their Wi-Fi radio to a different channel to communicate with an access point, or could turn it off to save energy. Based on our analysis, we conduct experiments to study the master election process, synchronization accuracy, channel hopping dynamics, and achievable throughput. We conduct a preliminary security assessment and publish an open source Wireshark dissector for AWDL to nourish future work.

Typ des Eintrags: Konferenzveröffentlichung
Erschienen: 2018
Autor(en): Stute, Milan ; Kreitschmann, David ; Hollick, Matthias
Art des Eintrags: Bibliographie
Titel: One Billion Apples' Secret Sauce: Recipe for the Apple Wireless Direct Link Ad hoc Protocol
Sprache: Englisch
Publikationsjahr: 29 Oktober 2018
Verlag: ACM
Veranstaltungstitel: The 24th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom '18)
Veranstaltungsort: New Delhi, India
Veranstaltungsdatum: October 29–November 2, 2018
DOI: 10.1145/3241539.3241566
URL / URN: https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?doid=3241539.3241566
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Kurzbeschreibung (Abstract):

Apple Wireless Direct Link (AWDL) is a proprietary and undocumented IEEE 802.11-based ad hoc protocol. Apple first introduced AWDL around 2014 and has since integrated it into its entire product line, including iPhone and Mac. While we have found that AWDL drives popular applications such as AirPlay and AirDrop on more than one billion end-user devices, neither the protocol itself nor potential security and Wi-Fi coexistence issues have been studied. In this paper, we present the operation of the protocol as the result of binary and runtime analysis. In short, each AWDL node announces a sequence of Availability Windows (AWs) indicating its readiness to communicate with other AWDL nodes. An elected master node synchronizes these sequences. Outside the AWs, nodes can tune their Wi-Fi radio to a different channel to communicate with an access point, or could turn it off to save energy. Based on our analysis, we conduct experiments to study the master election process, synchronization accuracy, channel hopping dynamics, and achievable throughput. We conduct a preliminary security assessment and publish an open source Wireshark dissector for AWDL to nourish future work.

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Best Community Paper Award

Fachbereich(e)/-gebiet(e): 20 Fachbereich Informatik
20 Fachbereich Informatik > Sichere Mobile Netze
Profilbereiche
Profilbereiche > Cybersicherheit (CYSEC)
LOEWE
LOEWE > LOEWE-Schwerpunkte
LOEWE > LOEWE-Schwerpunkte > NICER – Vernetzte infrastrukturlose Kooperation zur Krisenbewältigung
LOEWE > LOEWE-Zentren
LOEWE > LOEWE-Zentren > CRISP - Center for Research in Security and Privacy
Hinterlegungsdatum: 21 Jan 2019 08:28
Letzte Änderung: 10 Jun 2021 06:11
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